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Prediction and Risk Management of Post-Cardiac Surgery Complications: Application of Multivariate Longitudinal Models to Develop a Comprehensive Monitoring Tool for Vital Signs and Daily Drainage
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Amirhossein Yadolahi   , Negar Asadpanah , Mehdi Raei * |
| Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , mehdi_r_d@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (2 Views) |
The postoperative recovery period following cardiac surgery represents one of the most critical phases in patient care, as vital signs often exhibit complex and sometimes unpredictable fluctuations. These changes may include heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and other physiological parameters, each playing a crucial role in overall patient health. Therefore, continuous and precise monitoring of these indicators is essential not only for preventing potential complications but also for the early detection of problems and timely intervention by the clinical team. The importance of this monitoring becomes particularly evident given that even minor alterations in the vital signs of cardiac patients can lead to serious and potentially irreversible consequences.
In this study, researchers employed multivariate longitudinal modeling to analyze repeated measurements from 72 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery. This statistical approach allows for the examination of temporal changes and the interrelationships among different variables, revealing correlations between vital signs over time. The primary aim of this analysis was to identify temporal patterns and predictive indicators of patient status, which could inform the design of more precise care protocols. Such an approach enables physicians and nurses to make more comprehensive clinical decisions and prevent sudden critical events.
The results demonstrated that postoperative pain intensity was significantly associated with adverse changes in vital signs. In other words, higher pain levels contributed to instability in blood pressure, heart rate, and other physiological parameters, highlighting the critical importance of effective pain management. Additionally, daily drainage volume -particularly during the early postoperative days- was found to predict subsequent blood pressure changes. This finding suggests that fluid output can serve as an early warning indicator, preparing clinicians for potential physiological alterations.
The findings of this study have high practical relevance and can assist healthcare administrators and clinicians in optimizing pain management protocols and patient monitoring. Moreover, the results provide a foundation for developing intelligent early-warning systems in intensive care units, capable of analyzing real-time patient data, detecting abnormal changes, and alerting the clinical team promptly. Such technologies not only enhance the quality of patient care but also have the potential to significantly reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. Overall, this research represents an important step toward integrating clinical expertise with advanced statistical tools and innovative monitoring technologies.
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| Keywords: Cardiac surgery, Patient monitoring, Risk management, Postoperative complications |
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Full-Text [PDF 324 kb]
(3 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Policy Brief |
Subject:
Marine Medicine
Received: 2026/01/5 | Accepted: 2026/01/30 | Published: 2026/01/30
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