Background and Aim: Today, more than 90% of goods transportation, oil export and import of basic goods are carried out by sea, and the security of the country's import and export transportation lines in international waters with a distance of more than 2000 km from the depth of the country's soil is also ensured by the strategic navy. takes place Of course, holding maritime jobs of maritime institutions has its own difficulty, which cannot be compared with non-maritime jobs, and it is necessary for the legislative and executive branches to improve efficiency and effectiveness, as well as to institutionalize the components of good governance, laws and regulations regarding the difficulty of jobs to revise and recognize these jobs as hard jobs from a behavioral, structural and behavioral point of view. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the normative, structural and behavioral aspects of recognizing maritime jobs as difficult and harmful jobs from a legal and medical point of view, which can play an essential role in the development of the maritime sector.
Methods: In this research, using the descriptive-analytical method, the normative, structural and behavioral necessity in recognizing maritime jobs as hard and harmful jobs was investigated and analyzed.
Results: From this point of view, there is no difference of opinion among legal, medical and technical experts in recognizing maritime jobs as hard jobs based on hardship, and all individuals, both real and legal, emphasize the difficulty of maritime jobs and work at sea, and this hypothesis They accept that maritime jobs are hard and exhausting. But it seems that in terms of norms, structure and behavior, no significant action has been taken to include these jobs and classify them under the set of hard and loss-making jobs. From this valley, with the help of the heavenly words of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) regarding the special privileges of the position of a martyr at sea, which seems to be the result of hard work at sea, as well as the opinions of experts and legal, maritime, medical and Environmental health in the recognition of maritime jobs as hard and exhausting jobs, as well as the emphasis and confirmation of the difficulty of working at sea by the head of the legislature can pave the way for the recognition of maritime jobs as hard jobs.
Conclusion: The results of this research show that in today's world, maritime jobs are considered as one of the hard and exhausting jobs from an international perspective, so that due to these difficulties, it has special benefits related to hard and loss-making jobs, and from the perspective of salaries and benefits and retirement in There is a significant difference in developing countries such as India and Pakistan as well as in developed countries compared to jobs on land. According to international researches, maritime jobs are one of the most exhausting jobs in the world, and every year many sailors stop working in this profession due to the special difficulties of maritime jobs. Therefore, it seems that it is necessary in Iran's legislative system to identify maritime jobs, especially government jobs, as hard jobs. From this point of view, counting maritime jobs as hard jobs can improve efficiency and effectiveness as a key element in maritime governance and provide the basis for creating a modern maritime civilization in the 21st century that Iran is looking for. |
