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ارزیابی فراوانی و علل احتمالی عدم تطابق تشخیص اولیه و نهایی در بخش اورژانس Assessment of the frequency and possible causes of mismatch between initial and final diagnosis in the emergency department of Baqiyatallah Hospital 1 1 زمینه و هدف: عدم تطابق تشخیصی به معنای ناهمخوانی بین تشخیصی که توسط متخصص طب اورژانس در قدم اول ویزیت بیمار گذاشته شده با تشخیص نهایی‌ای که پس از بستری در اورژانس یا بیمارستان توسط متخصصین رشته‌های دیگر گذاشته می‌شود، می‌باشد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی فراوانی و فاکتورهای احتمالی مرتبط با عدم تطابق بین تشخیص اولیه و نهایی در بخش اورژانس می‌باشد. روش‌ها: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1401 انجام شد. تشخیص نهایی با استفاده از مطالعه خلاصه پرونده بیماران و یا نتایج آزمایشات پاراکلینیک شامل آزمایشات روتین بالینی بر‌روی خون محیطی، تفسیر نمونه پاتولوژی، گزارش رادیولوژی، گزارش سایر پروسیجرهای انجام شده برای بیمار و یا پس از جراحی به دست آمد. بین تشخیص اولیه و یا تشخیص علامتی اولیه و تشخیص نهایی مقایسه صورت گرفت و فراوانی عدم تطابق تشخیصی به دست آمد. یافته‌ها: از بین ۲۴۶ نمونه این پژوهش۷۰ مورد از تشخیص ‌های اولیه به صورت تشخیص علامتی و مابقی به صورت تشخیص قطعی اولیه بوده است. بیشترین فراوانی حیطه مشاوره مربوط به رشته داخلی و در جایگاه بعد طب اطفال بوده است. تعداد متوسط بیماران ویزیت شده توسط هر پزشک 3/316 مورد بوده ‌است. متوسط تعداد کشیک‌های متخصص اورژانس طی دو ماه 5/16 بود. با در نظر گرفتن سطح معنی‌داری ۵ درصد و با استفاده از آزمون‌های کای-اسکوئر و من ویتنی، بین تمامی متغیرهای مستقل، سن بیمار و حیطه بیماری با میزان فراوانی عدم تطابق تشخیصی ارتباط معنادار داشتند؛ به طوری که بیشتر عدم تطابق تشخیصی در سنین بالای ۵۰ سال رخ داد. بیشترین میزان عدم تطابق تشخیصی در حیطه قلب با 2/47 و حیطه عفونی با 44/44 درصد بوده است. حیطه جراحی عمومی و اطفال کمترین میزان عدم تطابق تشخیصی و بیشترین صحت تشخیصی را به خود اختصاص دادند. نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی میزان عدم تطابق تشخیصی در اورژانس نسبت به سایر شرایط بیشتر است. فاکتورهایی مثل سن بیمار و ماهیت یا حیطه بیماری پزشک متخصص طب اورژانس را در معرض خطا و عدم تطابق تشخیصی قرار می‌دهد. هر چند وظیفه اصلی متخصص طب اورژانس تشخیص دقیق بیماری نیست، بلکه کنترل آسیب و انجام اقدامات حیاتی اولیه می‌باشد. 2 Introduction: Diagnostic discrepancy means the inconsistency between the diagnosis made by the emergency medicine specialist in the first step of the patient's visit and the final diagnosis made by the specialists of other fields after admission to the emergency room or hospital. This study investigates the frequency and possible factors related to the discrepancy between the initial and final diagnosis in the emergency department of Baqiyatallah Hospital. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted in 2023, the initial and final diagnoses in the emergency file of hospitalized patients were examined. The final diagnosis was obtained by studying the summary of patients' files or the results of paraclinical tests, including routine clinical tests on peripheral blood, interpretation of pathology samples, radiology reports, and other procedures performed for the patient or after surgery. A comparison was made between the initial diagnosis or the initial symptomatic diagnosis and the final diagnosis, and the frequency of diagnostic mismatch was obtained.  Results: Out of 246 samples of this study, 70 cases of primary diagnosis were symptomatic, and the rest were primary definitive diagnoses. The highest frequency of consultations was related to internal medicine, followed by pediatrics. The average number of patients visited by each doctor was 316.3 cases. The average number of emergency specialists in two months was 16.5. Considering the significance level of 5% and using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, between all independent variables, patient age and category of disease  had a significant relationship with the frequency of diagnostic mismatch that most of the diagnostic discrepancies occurred in the age of over 50 years. The highest rate of diagnostic mismatch was in cardiology, with 47.2%, and infectious disease, with 44.4%. General and pediatric surgery fields had the lowest rate of diagnostic mismatch and the highest diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: In general, the rate of diagnostic mismatch in the emergency room is higher than in other conditions. Factors such as the patient's age and the disease's nature or category expose the emergency medicine specialist to errors and misdiagnosis. Although the primary duty of emergency physicians is damage control and critical care medicine, they do not make definite diagnoses. 1 10 2023/09/24 1402/7/2 2024/05/6 1403/2/17 حسن گودرزی Hasan Goudarzi دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج) hasan.goudarzi12@gmail.com مهدی عیمایی عالی Mahdi Naeeemaniali دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج) meddinaeemaniali12@gmail.com صدرالله محمودی Sadrollah Mahmoodi مرکز تحقیقات تروما، پژوهشکده علوم بالینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران sadrollah.mahmoudi@gmail.com Diagnostic mismatch symptomatic diagnosis emergency medicine. تشخیص علامتی طب اورژانس عدم تطابق تشخیصی. 1. Raven MC, Lowe RA, Maselli J, Hsia RY. Comparison of presenting complaint vs discharge diagnosis for identifying "nonemergency" emergency department visits. Jama. 2013;309(11):1145-53. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.1948##2. 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بهبود ایمنی یگان‌های غواصی با بهره‌گیری از تجهیزات تخصصی Improving the safety of diving units by using specialized equipment 1 1 پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین ابعاد، مؤلفه‌ها و گویه‌های تجهیزات موردنیاز در بهبود ایمنی یگان‌های غواصی با بهره‌گیری از تجهیزات تخصصی مبتنی بر رویکرد آمیخته و از نوع کاربردی با روش توصیفی از نوع اکتشافی-علی صورت پذیرفته است. جامعه آماری جهت فرایند مصاحبه، شامل خبرگان حوزه غواصی در سطح نداجا بوده که به روش هدفمند قضاوتی و مبتنی بر معیارهایی به شناسایی آنان پرداخته شد و تعداد 8 نفر تا مرحله اشباع نظری داده‌ها در فرایند مصاحبه مشارکت نمودند. همچنین جامعه آماری برای توزیع پرسشنامه شامل برخی از فرماندهان، کارشناسان غواص به تعداد 40 نفر بوده‌اند که حداقل سابقه 20 سال فعالیت مستقیم در زمینه غواصی را داشته‌اند که به صورت تمام شمار برای توزیع پرسشنامه استفاده گردید. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در مرحله اول شامل مطالعه اسناد و مدارک و مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته با خبرگان برای ارائه الگو و در مرحله دوم پرسشنامه 20 سئوالی برای اعتبار سنجی آن می‌باشد که پایایی آن به روش آلفای کرونباخ تأئید گردیده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های کیفی پس از گدگذاری، در سه مرحله دسته‌بندی، پردازش، قضاوت داده ها صورت پذیرفته و داده‌های کمی با استفاده از روش آمار توصیفی انجام‌شده است. نتایج گویای این بود که تجهیزات موردنیاز در بهبود ایمنی یگان‌های غواصی دارای سه بعد "یگان‌های شناور ویژه غواصی"، "تجهیزات پشتیبانی از عملیات غواصی" و "تجهیزات اجرای عملیات غواصی" است و مؤلفه‌ها و گویه‌های احصاء شده بخوبی تجهیزات موردنیاز در بهبود ایمنی یگان‌های غواصی نیروی دریایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران را پشتیبانی می‌کند.  2 The current research was carried out with the aim of explaining the dimensions, components and items of equipment needed to improve the safety of diving units by using specialized equipment based on a mixed and applied approach with a descriptive method of exploratory-causal type. The statistical population for the interview process included experts in the field of diving at the Nadaja level, who were identified using a purposeful judgment method based on criteria, and 8 people participated in the interview process until the theoretical data saturation stage. Also, the statistical population for the distribution of the questionnaire included some commanders, diving experts in the number of 40 people who had at least 20 years of direct activity in the field of diving, and all of them were used for the distribution of the questionnaire. The data collection tool in the first stage includes the study of documents and semi-structured interviews with experts to provide a model, and in the second stage, a 20-question questionnaire for its validation, the reliability of which has been confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Qualitative data analysis after coding was done in three stages of data classification, processing, and judgment, and quantitative data was done using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the equipment needed to improve the safety of diving units has three dimensions: "special floating units for diving", "diving operation support equipment" and "diving operation implementation equipment" and the components and items counted are good equipment needed to improve the safety of diving units. Diving supports the Navy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. 11 20 2023/09/242023/11/2 1402/8/11 2024/05/62024/06/16 1403/3/27 مازیار جهانبخش Maziar Jahanbakhsh mejahan1400@gmail.com علی محمدی Ali Mohammadi گروه علوم دریایی، دانشگاه علوم دریایی امام خمینی (ره)، نوشهر، ایران mohammadi.a4682@gmail.com عباس خزایی Abbas Khazai Navy Diving Units Diving Equipment Safety Improvement نیروی دریایی یگان‌های غواصی تجهیزات غواصی بهبود ایمنی 1. Taghavi MR. (2018). Diving pressure chamber standards, second edition, Tehran: Nadaja Publications##2. Rostami, Mahmoud. (2000). Dictionary of military terms, first edition, Tehran: Publications of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran##3.Taheri, Mohammad. (2006). Occupational health and safety, first edition, Tehran: Fan Oran publishing house##4. Tahani, Gholamreza. (2013). Marine equipment, third edition, Tehran: Dafos Publications##5. Alaf, Salehi, Adel. (2012). Principles of occupational health and safety, Tehran: Atran publishing house##6. Gholam-nia, Reza. (2012). Descriptive culture of occupational safety and health, Tehran: Soban Publications##7. Qureshi, Seyyed Yusuf. (2012). Professional diving knowledge, Tehran: Nadaja Publications##8. Kamalan, Seyed Mehdi. (2012). Collection of Laws and Regulations of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 7th edition, Tehran: Aja Publications##Kerami, Mustafa. (2012). 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واکسن‌های خوراکی وبا: وضعیت کنونی و آینده Oral cholera vaccines: Current and future status 1 1 بیماری وبا توسط سویه­های بیماری­زای باکتری­ ویبریو کلرا ایجاد شده و همچنان به عنوان یکی از مشکلات و تهدیدات بزرگ بهداشت جهانی به حساب می­آید. این بیماری عمدتا با مصرف آب آلوده، سبزیجات و غذای آلوده مانند غذاهای دریایی در افرادی که در شرایط بهداشتی نامناسب زندگی می­کنند و یا افرادی که به مناطق اندمیک این بیماری سفر می­کنند را درگیر می­کند. بررسی­های میدانی در مناطق اندمیک وبا نشان داده که نسل­های جدیدتر واکسن­های خوراکی علیه این بیماری ایمن و موثر بوده و هنگام استفاده در اپیدمی­ها، نقش محفاظتی آنها به اثبات رسیده است. در مناطق در معرض خطر، همگام با سایر اقدامات پیشگیرانه از جمله بهبود کیفیت آب و ارتقای بهداشت عمومی، واکسن­های وبا باید در دسترس باشند تا از بروز بیشتر این بیماری و مرگ و میر ناشی از آن جلوگیری شود. با این حال، علیرغم در دسترس بودن این واکسن­ها برای بیش از دو دهه، استفاده از آنها هنوز بهینه نشده است. اگرچه در حال حاضر محدودیت­هایی در واکسن­های خوراکی موجود علیه وبا وجود دارد، اما داده­های اخیر نشان می­دهد که این واکسن­ها، بی­خطر بوده و امکان استفاده از آنها حتی در شرایط دشوار نیز وجود دارد و قادر به ارائه حفاظت در شرایط مختلف می­باشند. با توجه به تهدیدات آینده در ارتباط با بیماری وبا و از آنجا که اثربخشی و کارایی واکسن­های خوراکی وبا به اثبات رسیده و تلاش برای ساختن واکسن­های جدیدتر در حال انجام است، کنترل بیماری وبا در مناطق اندمیک و نیز اپیدمی­های وبا با واکسن های خوراکی امکانپذیر است. 2 Caused by the strains of Vibrio cholera, cholera continues to be one of the major health problemsall over the world. This disease is mainly caused by consuming contaminated water, vegetables and contaminated food such as seafood in people who live in poor health conditions or those who travel to endemic areas of the disease are affected the most. Studies in endemic areas have shown that newer generations of oral vaccines against the disease are safe, effective and protective. In areas at risk, in cojuction with other preventive measures, including improving water quality and improving public health, cholera vaccines should be available in order to prevent more frequency of the disease and its mortality. However, despite the availability of these vaccines for more than two decades, their use has not yet been optimized. Although, there are currently limitations in the oral vaccines against cholera, recent data suggest that these vaccines are safe and can be used even in difficult conditions and, also, are able to provide protection in different situations. Considering the future threats related to cholera disease, since the effectiveness and efficiency of oral cholera vaccines have been proven and efforts are being made to make newer vaccines, it is possible to control cholera disease in endemic areas as well as cholera epidemics with oral vaccines 21 31 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/2 1401/11/13 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/5 1402/6/14 عباس حاجی زاده Abbas Hajizade مرکز علم و فناوری زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده و پژوهشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران abbashajizade@ihu.ac.ir محمد رضا اکبری Mohammad Reza Akbari دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) m.akbari@gmail.com محمد ابراهیم مینایی Mohammad Ebrihim Minaei دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) mminaii@ihu.ac.ir یوسف تاروردی زاد Yosef Tarverdizadeh دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) yosof.tarverdizadeh@gmail.com محمد جواد باقری پور Mohammad Javad Bagheri Pour دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) mjbagheri@ihu.ac.ir شاهین فریدفر Shahin Faridfar دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) sh.faridfar@gmail.com شهرام نظریان Shahram Nazarian دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) nazarian56@gmail.com مهدی حسین زاده Mahdi Hoseinzadeh دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع) mhza1487@gmail.com Vibrio cholerae Cholera Oral vaccines Herd immunity ویبریوکلرا وبا واکسن‌های خوراکی ایمنی جمعی 1. 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مقایسه غلظت هیدروکربن‌های نفتی سرطان‌زا در بافت پنج گروه از اجتماعات ماکروزئو بنتوز در آب‌های اطراف بندرعباس Comparison of the presence of carcinogenic polycyclic Aromtic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) in five groups of Macrozoobenthic communities in the waters around Bandar Abbas 1 1 زمینه و هدف: حضور تاسیسات نفتی، اسکله‌ها و پالایشگاه‌ها در نوار ساحلی بندرعباس سبب رهاسازی مقدار زیادی از آلاینده‌های نفتی می‌شود که در نهایت به رسوبات رسیده و سبب تجمع زیستی در بدن اجتماعات ماکروبنتوز که در رسوبات زندگی می‌کنند می‌شوند این این مطالعه به منظور مقایسه و حضور ترکیبات آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای در رسوبات و مقایسه آنها در بدن اجتماعات چهار گروه از اجتماعات ماکروبنتوز شامل شکم‌پایان، دوکفه‌ای‌ها، سخت‌پوستان و پرتاران در آبهای اطراف بندرعباس صورت پذیرفت. روش‌ها: برای اندازه‌گیری غلظت ترکیبات حلقوی آروماتیک در رسوبات و اجتماعات ماکروبنتوز موجود در آن، نمونه برداری در 9 ایستگاه با استفاده از یک دستگاه گرب ون وین در امتداد خط ساحلی بندرعباس در اسفند 1398 و مرداد 1399 انجام شد. یافته‌ها: میانگین غلظت کل  PAHها به تفکیک ایستگاه نشان داد پالایشگاه دارای بیشترین تجمع از این ترکیبات می‌باشد و پس از آن پشت شهر و سورو در جایگاه های بعدی قرار دارند. بیشترین میانگین غلظت هیدروکربن های آروماتیک چند‌حلقه‌ای در شکم‌پایان متعلق به ترکیب 3 حلقه‌ای Acenaphthene با میانگین 1117 (ppb) و کمترین مقدار متعلق به ترکیب 6 حلقه‌ای Benzopyrylene با میانگین 2 (ppb) بدست آمد. در دوکفه‌ای بیشترین میانگین غلظت متعلق به ترکیب 3 حلقه‌ای Acenaphthene با میانگین 1261 (ppb) و کمترین مقدار متعلق به ترکیب 6حلقه‌ای  Benzopyrylene با میانگین 32 (ppb) بدست آمد. بیشترین میانگین غلظت متعلق به ترکیب 4 حلقه‌ای Fluranthene با میانگین 1551 (ppb) و کمترین مقدار متعلق به ترکیب 6حلقه‌ای Benzopyrylene با میانگین 0 (ppb) در بافت سخت‌پوستان بدست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان داد که رسوبات ترکیبات 5 حلقه‌ای، نرم تنان ترکیبات 3 حلقه‌ای ، خرچنگ‌ها ترکیبات 4 حلقه‌ای و پرتاران ترکیبات 5 حلقه‌ای را آسانتر جذب می‌نمایند. 2 Background and Aim: The presence of oil installations, wharves and refineries in the coastal strip of Bandar Abbas causes the release of a large amount of oil pollutants that eventually reach the sediments and cause bioaccumulation in the macrobenthic communities that live in the sediments. A ring in the sediments and their comparison in the tissue of four groups of macrobenthic communities, including gastropods, bivalves, crustaceans, and paraterans, were made in the waters around Bandar Abbas. Methods: To measure the concentration of polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbon in the sediments and macrobenthic communities present in it, sampling was done at 9 stations using a Grab Van Veen device along the coastline of Bandar Abbas in March 2018 and March 2019. Results: The mean concentration of total PAHs by station showed that the refinery has the highest concentration of these compounds, followed by Posht-e-Shahr and Soro. The highest average concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gastropods belonged to the 3-ring compound Acenaphthene with an average (ppb) of 1117 and the lowest value belonged to the 6-ring compound Benzopyrylene with an average (ppb) of 2. In bivalves, the highest average concentration of the 3-ring compound Acenaphthene with an average (ppb) of 1261 and the lowest value of the 6-ring compound Benzopyrylene with an average (ppb) of 32 were obtained. The highest average concentration of the 4-ring compound Fluranthene with an average (ppb) of 1551 and the lowest value of the 6-ring compound Benzopyrylene with an average (ppb) of 0 was obtained in crustacean tissue. Conclusion: Findings have shown that sediments absorb 5-ring compounds, molluscs absorb 3-ring compounds, crabs absorb 4-ring compounds, and reptiles absorb 5-ring compounds more easily. 32 43 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/22023/02/25 1401/12/6 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/52023/09/5 1402/6/14 کیوان اجلالی خانقاه Keivan Ejlali Khanghah پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران k_ejlali@yahoo.com حسین جعفری Hossein Jafari مرکز تحقیقات طب دریا Jafarih55@yahoo.com Hydrocarbon Macrobenthos Bandar Abbass Oil هیدروکربن ماکروبنتوز بندرعباس نفت 1. Elizabeth Alter, S., Tariq, L., Creed, J. K., & Megafu, E. 2021. Evolutionary responses of marine organisms to urbanized seascapes. Evolutionary Applications, 14(1), 210-232. doi:10.1111/eva.13048##2. Sala, O. E., Stuart Chapin, F. I. I. I., Armesto, J. J., Berlow, E., Bloomfield, J., Dirzo, R., ... & Wall, D. H. 2000. 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تاثیر تمرینات دایره ای خیلی شدید همراه با مکمل سازی آغوز بر ترکیب بدنی و فاکتورهای سلامت مردان میانسال دارای اضافه وزن The effect of High intensity circuit training with colostrum supplementation on body composition and health factors of overweight middle-aged men 1 1 زمینه و هدف: هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، تعیین تاثیر تمرینات دایره ای خیلی شدید همراه با مکمل سازی آغوز بر ترکیب بدنی و فاکتورهای سلامت مردان دارای اضافه وزن بود. روش‌ها: 40 مرد سالم میانسال دارای اضافه وزن به صورت تصادفی به 4 گروه تمرین و مکمل آغوز، تمرین و دارونما، مکمل آغوز و کنترل تقسیم شدند. پروتکل تمرینی شامل 3 جلسه در هفته به مدت 8 هفته بود. آزمودنی‌های گروه مکمل و مکمل-تمرین یک روز در میان به مقدار 20 گرم پودر شده آغوز را با 200 میلی لیتر آب مخلوط و مصرف کردند. قبل و بعد از مکمل سازی و تمرین، متغیرهای درصد چربی، چربی خون، شاخص BMI و نسبت دور کمر به لگن تمامی آزمودنی ها اندازه گیری شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد درصد چربی بدنی در گروه تمرین مکمل نسبت به گروه مکمل آغوز و تمرین-دارونما و کنترل کاهش معنی‌داری پیدا کرد. همچنین چربی خون، BMI و نسبت دور کمر به لگن نیز در گروه تمرین-مکمل نسبت به سه گروه دیگر کاهش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع تعامل تمرین دایره‌ای با شدت بالا و مکمل سازی آغوز موجب کاهش معنی‌دار درصد چربی بدنی، چربی خون، BMI و نسبت دور کمر به لگن می‌شود. 2 Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of high-intensity circuit training with colostrum supplementation on the body composition and health factors of overweight men. Methods: 40 healthy overweight middle-aged men were randomly divided into four groups: exercise and colostrum supplement, exercise and placebo, colostrum supplement and control. The training protocol consisted of three sessions per week for eight weeks. Subjects in the supplement and exercise-supplement group took 20 grams of powdered colostrum mixed with 200 ml of water every other day and then consumed it. Before and after supplementation and exercise, the variables of fat percentage, blood lipid, BMI index and waist to hip ratio were measured. Results: The results showed that the percentage of body fat in the supplement plus training group was significantly reduced compared to the colostrum supplement and exercise-placebo and control groups. Also, blood lipid, BMI and waist-to-hip ratio index showed a significant decrease in the exercise-supplement group compared to the other three groups. Conclusion: In general, the interaction of high-intensity circuit training and colostrum supplementation causes a significant reduction in body fat percentage, blood fat, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio. 44 52 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/22023/02/252023/10/29 1402/8/7 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/52023/09/52024/02/17 1402/11/28 حمدااله هادی Hamdollah Hadi گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران amir.hadi1@gmail.com Circuit training Overweight Colostrum Fat percentage BMI Waist-to-hip ratio تمرین دایره ای اضافه وزن آغوز درصد چربی BMI نسبت دور کمر به لگن. 1. Ward ZJ, Bleich SN, Cradock AL, Barrett JL, Giles CM, Flax C, et al. Projected US state-level prevalence of adult obesity and severe obesity. New Eng J Med. 2019;381(25):2440-50. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa1909301##2. Rajabi H, Sabouri M, Hatami E. Associations between physical activity levels with nutritional status, physical fitness and biochemical indicators in older adults. 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بررسی تجمع فلزات Cd , Pb , Ni در بافت عضله گونه لیسه دریایی P‌eronia peroneii (Curi, 1804) در آبهای سواحل استان هرمزگان Investigation of accumulation of metals (Cd, Pb, Ni) in the muscle of Peronia peroneii (Curi, 184) in the coastal waters of Hormozgan province 1 1 زمینه و هدف: آلودگی محیط زیست به وسیله فلزات سنگین یکی از مشکلات اساسی زیست محیطی محسوب می‌گردد. فلزات سنگین به علت اثرات سمی محیط زیستی در گونه‌های مختلف آبزیان و ایجاد پدیده بزرگنمایی زیستی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در اکوسیستم‌های آبی نرم تنان گروه بزرگی از آبزیان را تشکیل می‌دهند. از بین نرم تنان، شکم پایان از آنجایی که در مناطق ساحلی جابجایی کمتری دارند یکی از گزینه های مناسب برای سنجش میزان آلودگی ها شناخته شده‌اند. هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی میزان تجمع فلزات سنگین سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم در بافت عضله ۳۰ نمونه از لیسه دریایی  Peronia peronii,درآب های سواحل استان هرمزگان (بندر لنگه و جزیره قشم). روش‌ها: از هر ایستگاه بطور مجزا ۳۰ نمونه جمع آوری شد و پس از انتقال نمونه ها به آزمایشگاه و زیست سنجی، میزان تجمع فلزات سنگین در انها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: غلظت سرب و نیکل عضله لیسه دریایی در بندرلنگه به طور معنی‌داری پائین‌تر از حد تعریف شده در استانداردهای بین المللی بود (P<0.05). غلظت کادمیوم عضله لیسه دریایی در بندر لنگه به طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از حد تعریف شده در استانداردهای بین المللی بود (P<0.05). غلظت کادمیوم در بافت نمونه های بندرلنگه به طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از جزیره قشم بود (P<0.05). نتایج به دست آمده از رابطه غلظت نیکل، سرب و کادمیوم و میانگین وزن کل موجود در مناطق نشان داد که رابطه معنی‌دار بین میزان تجمع فلزات مذکور با عامل وزن کل وجود دارد و همبستگی مثبت با وزن کل مشاهده شد (P<0.05). نتایج به دست آمده از رابطه غلظت نیکل، سرب و کادمیوم و میانگین وزن کل موجود در مناطق نشان داد که رابطه معنی‌دار بین میزان تجمع فلزات مذکور با عامل وزن کل وجود دارد و همبستگی مثبت با وزن کل مشاهده شد (P<0.05). نتیجه‌گیری: مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که نتایج به دست آمده از رابطه غلظت نیکل، سرب و کادمیوم و میانگین طول کل لیسه دریایی Peronia peronii در بندر لنگه و جزیره قشم نشان داد که رابطه معنی‌دار بین میزان تجمع فلزات مذکور با عامل طول کل وجود ندارد و همبستگی نسبتا منفی با طول کل لیسه دریایی مشاهده شد (P<0.05). 2 Background and Aim: Environmental pollution by heavy metals is one of the basic environmental problems. Heavy metals are of special importance due to the toxic effects of the environment in various aquatic species and the creation of the phenomenon of zoster enlargement. In aquatic ecosystems, molluscs form a large group of aquatic animals. Among the molluscs, since they move less in coastal areas, they are known as one of the suitable options for measuring the level of pollution. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accumulation of lead, nickel and cadmium heavy metals in the muscle tissue of 30 samples of sea flounder Peronia peronii, in the coastal waters of Hormozgan province (Bander Lange and Qeshm Island). Methods: 30 samples were collected from each station separately and after transferring the samples to the laboratory and biometry, the amount of heavy metals accumulation in them was investigated. Results: Observations indicated that the concentration of lead and nickel in sea flounder muscle in Bandar Lange was significantly lower than the limit defined in international standards (P<0.05) and the concentration of cadmium in sea flounder muscle in Bandar Lange was significantly higher. It was above the limit defined in international standards (P<0.05). The concentration of cadmium in the tissues of Bandar Lange samples was significantly higher than Qeshm Island (P<0.05). The results obtained from the relationship between the concentration of nickel, lead and cadmium and the average total weight in the regions showed that there is a significant relationship between the amount of accumulation of the mentioned metals and the total weight factor, and a positive correlation was observed with the total weight (P<0.05). The results obtained from the relationship between the concentration of nickel, lead and cadmium and the average total weight in the regions showed that there is a significant relationship between the amount of accumulation of the mentioned metals and the total weight factor, and a positive correlation was observed with the total weight (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that the results obtained from the relationship between the concentration of nickel, lead and cadmium and the average total length of Peronia peronii in Bandar Lange and Qeshm Island showed that there is a significant relationship between the accumulation of the mentioned metals and the total length factor. and a relatively negative correlation was observed with the total length of the sea lichen (P>0.05). 53 63 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/22023/02/252023/10/292023/04/18 1402/1/29 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/52023/09/52024/02/172024/02/17 1402/11/28 محمد امین صالحی دمشهری Mohaamad Amin Salehi Domshahri دانشگاه هرمزگان aminsalehi2172@gmail.com محمد رضا طاهری زاده Mohammad Reza Taherizadeh گروه زیست دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، هرمزگان، ایران taheri.1965@gmail.com عدنان شهدادی Adnan Shahdadi دانشگاه هرمزگان adnan1361@gmail.com Heavy metals Peronia peronii Hormozgan Molluscs فلزات سنگین لیسه دریایی Peronia peronii هرمزگان نرم تنان 1. Ghasemi S. Evaluation of the risk potential of heavy metals (copper, vanadium, lead and nickel) in the muscle tissue and liver of the short fish (Silago sihama) and the surface sediments of Khormousi, Persian Gulf. Scientific Journal of Aquatic Ecology. 2021;11(1):45-58.2##2. Ghafarzadeh M, Sayadqabadi A. Investigating the accumulation of heavy metals in the soft and hard tissue of barnacles - a case study of Anzali port ships. Maritime transport industry. 2018;4(4):29-42.##3. Safahiye P, Abadi S, Ghanemi K. Accumulation of heavy metals (zinc, copper, nickel, lead and cadmium) in sediment and stone snail Tylothais savignyi of Kharg Island during summer and winter seasons. Journal of Aquatic Ecology. 2019;9(1):38-49. ##4. Bitaab M, Siadat SR, Pazooki J, Sefidbakht Y. Antibacterial and molecular dynamics study of the Dolabellanin B2 isolated from sea slug, Peronia peronii. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. 2015;12(3):2023-35. doi:10.13005/bbra/1870 ##5. Dayrat B, Goulding TC, Apte D, Aslam S, Bourke A, Comendador J, et al. Systematic revision of the genus peronia fleming, 1822 (Gastropoda, euthyneura, pulmonata, onchidiidae). ZooKeys. 2020;972:1.##doi:10.3897/zookeys.972.52853 ##6. Yazidis. Molecular identification of four species from the belly of the rocky shores of the Persian Gulf. Sea Biology. 2020;11(4):59-74. ##7. Heydari Chaharlang B, Behnam, Bakhtiari R, Yavari, Selahshor. Investigating the measurement of the concentration of heavy metals cadmium, lead and zinc in bivalve oysters Saccostrea cucullata and Solen brevis in the areas between Bandarlange and Bushehr. Aquatics and fisheries scientific-research quarterly. 2011;2(7):19-32. ##8. Paul S, Mandal A, Bhattacharjee P, Chakraborty S, Paul R, Mukhopadhyay BK. Evaluation of water quality and toxicity after exposure of lead nitrate in fresh water fish, major source of water pollution. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 2019;45(4):345-51. doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2019.09.001 ##9. Kumar P, Singh A. Cadmium toxicity in fish: An overview. GERF Bulletin of Biosciences. 2010;1(1):41-7. ##10. Kurochkin IO, Etzkorn M, Buchwalter D, Leamy L, Sokolova IM. Top-down control analysis of the cadmium effects on molluscan mitochondria and the mechanisms of cadmium-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2011;300(1):R21-R31. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00279.2010 ##11. Schoeman W. Cellular stress responses to cadmium contamination as measure of sensitivity in intertidal molluscan species: Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch; 2007. ##12. Belabed S, Soltani N. Effects of cadmium concentrations on bioaccumulation and depuration in the marine bivalve Donax trunculus. Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration. 2018;3(1):1-5.##doi:10.1007/s41207-018-0054-0 ##13. Abderrahmani K, Boulahdid M, Bendou N, Aissani A. Seasonal distribution of cadmium, lead, nickel, and magnesium in several tissues of mussels from the Algerian coasts. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020;27(18):22547-67. doi:10.1007/s11356-020-08682-8 ##14. Hofmeister M. Kratom Consumption can be Addictive and have Adverse Health Effects. Novel Clin Med 2022; 1(4): 168-172. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.350622.1050##15. Nasiri A. Investigating the effects of environmental pollution caused by heavy metals in fish. Veterinary laboratory research. 2018; 10 (Special Letter No. 1 of the 12th Iranian Veterinary Congress): 223. ##16. Talesh Pour S, Taghavi L, Saravi N. Prioritizing the Amount of Contamination of Metals Using Pollution Load Factors and Potential Biologic Hazards in the Surface Sediments of the Rivers of the Southeast Coast of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2020;22(6):17-30. ##17. Liu Q, Xu X, Zeng J, Shi X, Liao Y, Du P, et al. Heavy metal concentrations in commercial marine organisms from Xiangshan Bay, China, and the potential health risks. Marine pollution bulletin. 2019;141:215-26.##doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.058 ##18. Bonsignore M, Manta DS, Mirto S, Quinci EM, Ape F, Montalto V, et al. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms from the Tuscany coast. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2018; 162:554-62. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.044 ##19. Ali TG, Abdul Keyon AS, Mahat NA. Occurrence of heavy metals and their removal in Perna viridis mussels using chemical methods: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021:1-19.##doi:10.1007/s11356-021-17343-3 ##20. Gawad SSA. Concentrations of heavy metals in water, sediment and mollusk gastropod, Lanistes carinatus from Lake Manzala, Egypt. Egyptian J Aquatic Res. 2018; 44(2):77-82. doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2018.05.001## ##

تشخیص کووید-19 با استفاده از شبکه عصبی VGG-16 و کلاسه‌بندی تصاویر اشعه ایکس قفسه ‌سینه Detection of COVID-19 Using VGG-16 Neural Network and Classification of Chest X-ray Images 1 1 زمینه و هدف: با افزایش آمار ابتلا و مرگ ­و میر کووید-19، این نیاز احساس می­شود که با استفاده از ابزارهای هوش مصنوعی و یادگیری ماشینی، در جهت تشخیص سریع و به موقع ویروس کرونا اقدام نمود. در این مطالعه با استفاده از تصاویر اشعه ایکس قفسه سینه و شبکه عصبی عمیق VGG-16، یک سیستم خودکار برای تشخیص موارد ابتلا به کووید-19 طراحی و پیاده­سازی شد. روش­ها: در این پژوهش، از تصاویر اشعه ایکس قفسه سینه که از پایگاه داده Kaggle اخذ شده است، استفاده گردید. طراحی این مطالعه به ترتیب شامل این موارد بود: نمونه گیری داده­ها، تقسیم­ بندی آموزش­ها، ساخت دایرکتوری­ها، انتقال تصاویر به پوشه­های مخصوص به خود، کلاسه­بندی تصاویر، ساخت مدل پیشنهادی VGG-16 در بستر زبان برنامه­نویسی پایتون و کتابخانه­های Keras و Tensorflow، ارزیابی مدل پیشنهادی و در نهایت ساخت ماتریس درهم­ریختگی و تحلیل و تفسیر آنها. یافته‌ها: میزان صحت و دقت مدل پیشنهادی برای کلاس کووید مثبت به ترتیب، 91 و 93 درصد بود. همچنین میزان بازیابی و  امتیاز F1 برای موارد مبتلا به کووید-19، به ترتیب 94 و 88 درصد به­دست آمد. نتیجه­ گیری: به علت دقت و صحت بالای مدل پیشنهاد شده، می­توان از آن در جهت تشخیص کووید- 19 و تفکیک موارد مبتلا به کووید-19 از موارد سالم استفاده کرده و همچنین به عنوان یک ابزار کمکی در جهت کمک به پزشک در تشخیص این بیماری بهره جست. 2 Background and Aim: With the increase in the number of infections and deaths of covid-19, the need is felt to use artificial intelligence and machine learning tools to diagnose the corona virus quickly and on time. In this study, using chest x-ray images and VGG-16 deep neural network, an automatic system was designed and implemented to detect cases of covid-19. Methods: In this research, chest x-ray images obtained from the Kaggle database were used. The design of this study included: data sampling, training division, creating directories, transferring images to their own folders, classifying images, creating the proposed VGG-16 model in Python programming language and Keras and Tensorflow libraries, evaluation of the proposed model and finally the creation of the confusion matrix and their analysis and interpretation. Results: The accuracy and Precision of the proposed model for the positive Covid-19 class were 91 and 93%, respectively. Also, the recall rate and F1-Score for cases with covid-19 were 94% and 88% respectively. Conclusion: Due to the high accuracy and precision of the proposed model, it can be used to diagnose covid-19 and separate COVID-19 cases from healthy cases and also be used as an auxiliary tool to help doctors diagnose this disease. 64 71 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/22023/02/252023/10/292023/04/182023/02/5 1401/11/16 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/52023/09/52024/02/172024/02/172024/02/17 1402/11/28 نادر جعفرنیا دابانلو Nader Jafarnia Dabanloo دانشگاه آژاد اسلامی واحد الکترونیکی jafarnia@srbiau.ac.ir سید محمدجواد حسینی Seyed Mohammad Javad Hosseini گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد الکترونیکی، تهران، ایران javadhosseini1377@yahoo.com کیوان معقولی Keivan Maghooli دانشگاه آژاد اسلامی واحد الکترونیکی k_maghooli@srbiau.ac.ir COVID-19 corona virus detecting of COVID-19 X-ray images chest deep learning کووید-19 ویروس کرونا تشخیص کووید-19 تصاویر اشعه ایکس قفسه سینه یادگیری عمیق 1. Gayathri JL, Abraham B, Sujarani MS, Nair MS. A computer-aided diagnosis system for the classification of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia on chest X-ray images by integrating CNN with sparse autoencoder and feed forward neural network. Computers in biology and medicine. 2022 1(141). doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105134##2. Loey M, El-Sappagh S, Mirjalili S. Bayesian-based optimized deep learning model to detect COVID-19 patients using chest X-ray image data. Computers Biol Med. 2022 1(142). doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105213 ##3. Bargshady G, Zhou X, Barua PD, Gururajan R, Li Y, Acharya UR. Application of CycleGAN and transfer learning techniques for automated detection of COVID-19 using X-ray images. Pattern Recognition Letters. 2022, 1(153):67-74. doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2021.11.020 ##4. Showkat S, Qureshi S. Efficacy of Transfer Learning-based ResNet models in Chest X-ray image classification for detecting COVID-19 Pneumonia. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 2022, 15(224). doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2022.104534 ##5. Aslan N, Koca GO, Kobat MA, Dogan S. Multi-classification deep CNN model for diagnosing COVID-19 using iterative neighborhood component analysis and iterative ReliefF feature selection techniques with X-ray images. Chemometrics Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 2022, 15(224). doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2022.104539 ##6. World Health Organization (WHO), WHO Coronavirus (Covid-19) Dashboard, [Accessed 30th January, 2023], https://covid19.who.int/ ##7. Jain G, Mittal D, Thakur D, Mittal MK. A deep learning approach to detect Covid-19 coronavirus with X-Ray images. Biocybernetics and biomedical engineering. 2020, 40(4):1391-1405. doi:10.1016/j.bbe.2020.08.008 ##8. Koksoy Vayisoglu S, Aydin Besen M, Oncu E. Perspectives of midwifery and nursing students on recommending the COVID-19 vaccine to women of reproductive age and factors influencing counseling competency: a cross-sectional study. J Prev Complement Med. 2024; 3(1): 1-11. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2023.418212.1133 ##9. Hossain MB, Iqbal SH, Islam MM, Akhtar MN, Sarker IH. Transfer learning with fine-tuned deep CNN ResNet50 model for classifying COVID-19 from chest X-ray images. Informatics Medicine. 2022, 1(30). doi:10.1016/j.imu.2022.100916 ##10. Mousavi Z, Shahini N, Sheykhivand S, Mojtahedi S, Arshadi A. COVID-19 detection using chest X-ray images based on a developed deep neural network. SLAS technology. 2022, 27(1):63-75. doi:10.1016/j.slast.2021.10.011##11. Swann J, Martins R. Comments on: “Clinical efficacy of convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 infections: Results of a multicenter clinical study” [Transfusion and Apheresis Science 59 (2020) 102875]. Novel Clin Med 2023; 2(2): 109-110. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2023.395097.1083 ##12. . Islam MR, Nahiduzzaman M. Complex features extraction with deep learning model for the detection of COVID19 from CT scan images using ensemble based machine learning approach. Expert Systems Appl. 2022, 1(195). doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116554##13. Jalali SM, Ahmadian M, Ahmadian S, Hedjam R, Khosravi A, Nahavandi S. X-ray image based COVID-19 detection using evolutionary deep learning approach. Expert Systems with Applications. 2022, 1(201). doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116942##14. El-Dahshan ES, Bassiouni MM, Hagag A, Chakrabortty RK, Loh H, Acharya UR. RESCOVIDTCNnet: A residual neural network-based framework for COVID-19 detection using TCN and EWT with chest X-ray images. Expert Systems with Applications. 2022, 15(204). doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117410##15. Dey S, Bhattacharya R, Malakar S, Schwenker F, Sarkar R. CovidConvLSTM: A fuzzy ensemble model for COVID-19 detection from chest X-rays. Expert Systems with Applications. 2022, 15(206). doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117812 ##16. Hammad M, Tawalbeh LA, Iliyasu AM, Sedik A, Abd El-Samie FE, Alkinani MH, Abd El-Latif AA. Efficient multimodal deep-learning-based COVID-19 diagnostic system for noisy and corrupted images. Journal of King Saud University-Science. 2022, 34(3). doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101898 ##17. Nasiri H, Hasani S. Automated detection of COVID-19 cases from chest X-ray images using deep neural network and XGBoost. Radiography. 2022, 28(3):732-738. doi:10.1016/j.radi.2022.03.011 ##18. Absar N, Mamur B, Mahmud A, Emran TB, Khandaker MU, Faruque MR, et al. Development of a computer-aided tool for detection of COVID-19 pneumonia from CXR images using machine learning algorithm. J Radiation Res Appl Sci. 2022, 15(1):32-43. doi:10.1016/j.jrras.2022.02.002##19. Verma SS, Prasad A, Kumar A. CovXmlc: High performance COVID-19 detection on X-ray images using Multi-Model classification. Biomedical signal processing and control. 2022, 1(71). doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103272##20. Khan SH, Sohail A, Khan A, Lee YS. COVID-19 detection in chest X-ray images using a new channel boosted CNN. 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مقایسه عملکرد شناختی قبل و بعد از ارائه سطوح مختلف نویز در کارکنان شناورهای سبک فعال در خلیج فارس Comparison of cognitive performance before and after the presentation of different levels of noise in the employees of light vessels operating in the Persian Gulf 1 1 زمینه و هدف: ضرورت حفظ عملکرد شناختی موثر برای کارکنان شناورها، بسیار بیشتر از مشاغل کم تحرک و کم خطر است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه عملکرد شناختی قبل و بعد از ارائه سطوح مختلف نویز در کارکنان شناورهای سبک فعال در خلیج فارس انجام شد. روش­ها: مطالعه علی- مقایسه­ای حاضر در نیمه اول سال 1400 در منطقه جنوب کشور انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر کلیه کارکنان شناورهای سبک فعال در خلیج فارس بود که به روش نمونه­ گیری در دسترس، 15 نفر در سه گروه با دامنه نویزهای متفاوت قرار گرفتند. تست توجه تصویری پوزنر در پیش ­آزمون برای همه افراد نمونه انجام شد. سپس افراد کلاس­های شناوری متفاوت در دامنه نویزهای متفاوت قرار گرفتند و بلافاصله بعد از دریافت نویز، دوباره تست توجه تصویری پوزنر از شرکت­ کنندگان گرفته شد. داده ­ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته­ ها: میانگین سنی افراد 94/23 با انحراف معیار 25/3 بود. نتایج نشان داد تمام مولفه ­های عملکرد شناختی کارکنان در دو موقعیت قبل و بعد از مواجهه با صدا متفاوت می‌باشد. نتایج حاکی از این بود که واکنش زمان صحیح و تعداد پاسخ صحیح افراد بعد از ارائه نویز کاهش معنی ­دار و واکنش زمان اشتباه و تعداد پاسخ اشتباه افزایش معنی­ داری داشته است. نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مواجهه با ارتعاشات صوتی در فرکانس­های مختلف، توجه انتخابی را متاثر ساخته و زمان واکنش پاسخ­های صحیح را تضعیف می­کند. 2 Background and Aim: The necessity of maintaining effective cognitive function for the employees of ships is much more than for sedentary and low-risk jobs. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the cognitive performance before and after presenting different levels of noise in the employees of light vessels operating in the Persian Gulf. Methods: The current causal-comparative study was conducted in the first half of 1400 in the southern region of the country. The statistical population of the present study was all the employees of light vessels active in the Persian Gulf, and 15 people were placed in three groups with different noise ranges using the available sampling method. Posner's visual attention test was performed in the pre-test for all sample subjects. Then people of different buoyancy classes were then exposed to different noise ranges, and immediately after receiving the noise, the participants' Posner visual attention test was taken again. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 23.94 with a standard deviation of 3.25. The results showed that all components of the cognitive function of watchtower staff are different in both situations before and after exposure to sound. The results showed that the correct time response and the number of correct responses of individuals after the presentation of noise had a significant decrease and the reaction of the wrong time and the number of incorrect responses increased significantly. Conclusion: The results showed that exposure to acoustic vibrations at different frequencies affects selective attention and weakens the reaction time of correct responses. 72 79 2023/09/242023/11/22023/02/22023/02/252023/10/292023/04/182023/02/52022/11/12 1401/8/21 2024/05/62024/06/162023/09/52023/09/52024/02/172024/02/172024/02/172024/06/16 1403/3/27 محسن اسکندری Mohsen Eskandari مرکز تحقیقات طب دریا، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، تهران، ایران psy.eskandari@gmail.com محمدحسین ضرغامی Mohammadhossein Zarghami دانشگاه بقیه الله mohammad.hossein_zarghami@yahoo.com مجید عزیزی Majid Azizi دانشگاه بقیه الله majid.azizi@yahoo.com احسان اسکندری Ehsan Eskandari دانشگاه بقیه الله g.marand@yahoo.com Cognitive Function Time Response Sound Watchtower عملکرد شناختی واکنش زمان صدا شناورهای سبک خلیج فارس 1. Basner M, Babisch W, Davis A, Brink M, Clark C, Janssen S, Stansfeld S. 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