<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<XML>
<JOURNAL>
<YEAR>1401</YEAR>
<VOL>4</VOL>
<NO>4</NO>
<MOSALSAL>17</MOSALSAL>
<PAGE_NO>260</PAGE_NO>


<ARTICLES>

	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>آلودگی فلزات سنگین در آب و رسوبات سواحل خلیج‌فارس: مطالعه مروری روایتی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Heavy Metal Contamination in Water and Sediments of Persian Gulf Coasts: Narrative Review</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>افزایش جمعیت و توسعه صنایع مختلف سبب ورود حجم بالایی از آلاینده&#8204;ها به محیط&#8204;های آبی شده است. یکی از عمد&#8204;ه&#8204;ترین آلاینده&#8204;های محیط&#8204;زیست، فلزات &#8204;سنگین هستند. این فلزات به دلیل خصوصیاتی همچون ثبات شیمیایی، تجزیه&#8204;پذیری ضعیف و داشتن قدرت تجمع زیستی در سطوح مختلف زنجیره غذایی سبب ایجاد آسیب و خطرات اکولوژیکی در موجودات زنده می&#8204;شوند. هر ساله پساب&#8204;های سمی و شیمیایی طی فعالیت&#8204;های کشاورزی و صنعتی بدون رعایت ملاحظات زیست&#8204;محیطی وارد آب&#8204; رودخانه&#8204;ها، دریاها و اقیانوس&#8204;ها می&#8204;شوند که این عمل سبب ایجاد آلودگی آب، رسوبات، آبزیان و ایجاد مشکلات عدیده&#8204;ای برای محیط&#8204;زیست و انسان شده است. در خصوص آلودگی فلزات سنگین در آب و رسوبات سواحل خلیج فارس مطالعاتی انجام&#8204; شده است که برخی از آنها حاکی از وجود آلودگی در آب و رسوبات است. در مطالعه حاضر مروری بر مطالعات انجام شده در خصوص آلودگی فلزات سنگین در آب و رسوبات سواحل خلیج فارس انجام شده است.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>The increase in population and the development of various industries have caused a large number of pollutants to enter the water environment. One of the major environmental pollutants is heavy metals. Due to characteristics such as chemical stability, poor degradability, and the power of bioaccumulation at different levels of the food chain, these metals cause harm and ecological risks to living organisms. Every year, toxic and chemical effluents enter rivers, seas, and oceans during agricultural and industrial activities without observing environmental considerations, which has caused water, sediments, and aquatic pollution and created many problems for the environment and humans. Regarding the pollution of heavy metals in the water and sediments of the Persian Gulf, many studies have been conducted, some of which indicate the presence of pollution in the water and sediments. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the studies conducted regarding heavy metal pollution in water and sediments of Persian Gulf coasts has been done.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>198</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>205</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/16
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/2/26
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/24
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/7/2
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کاظمی درسنکی</Family>
				<NameE>Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Kazemi Darsanaki</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه و فنی‌مهندسی، دانشگاه گنبد‌کاووس، گنبد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>darsanaki@hotmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>اکرم</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>سادات نعیمی</Family>
				<NameE>Akram</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Sadat Naeemi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Heavy metals</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Sediments</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Persian Gulf.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>فلزات سنگین</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>رسوبات</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>خلیج فارس.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Elsagh A, Barmaki M. Determination of pollution caused by heavy metals Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb in the Persian Gulf coastal sediments. J Environmental Science and Technology. 2014:15 (2).##2. Aazami J, Moradpour H, KianiMehr N. A Review of Biotic Indices for Heavy Metals in Polluted Environment. Human &#38; Environment. 2017: 21;15 (1):13-24.	##3. Zicker F. Science and Global Health. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(3): 119-120. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.337000.1038.	##4. Hossain M, Ahmed M, Liyana E, Jolly YN, Kabir MJ, Akter S, et al. A case study on metal contamination in water and sediment near a coal thermal power plant on the eastern coast of Bangladesh. Environments. 2021:8(10):108.##doi:10.3390/environments8100108	##5. Yousif R, Choudhary M, Ahmed S, Ahmed Q. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish and other aquatic organisms from Karachi Coast, Pakistan. Nusantara Bioscience. 2021: 20;13(1).##doi:10.13057/nusbiosci/n130111	##6. Abadi M, Zamani A, Parizanganeh A, Khosravi Y, Badiee H. Heavy metal contamination in surface sediments of four important rivers leading to the Caspian Sea. Wetland Ecobiology. 2019;11(2):67-82##7. Jafariyan H, Patimar A, Gholipoor H. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution and investigation of the source of environmental pollution of sediments in Qeshm, Bandar Khamir and Bandar Laft areas of Hormozgan province in the Persian Gulf. Fisheries Science and Technology. 2021;10(2):151-63.	##8. Rastmanesh F, Zarasvandi AR, Moslem M. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of Karun River in Ahvaz City. J Advanced Applied Geology. 2015;17:11-22.	##9. Karbassi AR, Bayati GR. Environmental geochemistry of heavy metals in a sediment core off Bushehr, Persian Gulf. J Environmental Health Science &#38; Engineering. 2005; 2(4):255-60.	##10. Khorasani NA, Shaygan JA, Karimi N. The survey of Concentrations in heavy metals (zinc, copper, iron, chromium and lead) in surface sediments off the coast of Bandar Abbas. Iranian journal of natural resources. 2006;58(4):861-9.	##11. Rabani M, Jafarabadi Ashtiani A, Sharif M. Measurement of heavy metals lead, nickel and mercury in water and sediment in the Persian Gulf Assaluyeh operational area. J Environmental Science and Technology, 2007; 9 (3): 23-31.	##12. Elsagh A. Determination of pollution caused by heavy metals Zn, Cr, Ni and Cd in the Persian Gulf coastal sediments. 2010: 4; 12: 15-26	##13. Biati A, Nikoomaram H, Karbassi AR. Study of metals concentrations in surface sediments of the Persian Gulf coastal area (Bushehr Province). International J Marine Science and Engineering. 2012:10;2(1):75-80	##14. Elsagh A. Determination of pollution caused by heavy metals Zn, Cr, Ni and Cd in the Persian Gulf coastal sediments. J Earth. 2010:7;24: 17-26.##15. Azimi A, Dadolahi Sohrab A, Safahieh A, Zolgharnein H, Savari A, et al. The Study of Heavy Metals (Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu) Levels in Sediments of North-West of Persian Gulf - Imam Khomeini Port. Journal of Oceanography. 2012; 3 (11) :33-41	##16. Einollahipeer F, Khammar S, Sabaghzadeh A. A study on heavy metal concentration in sediment and mangrove (Avicenia marina) tissues in Qeshm island, Persian Gulf. J Novel Applied Sciences. 2013; 2 (10): 498-504.	##17. Razaghi M, Shokri MR, Savari A, Pazooki J. Ecological risk assessment using heavy metals from surface sediments of Nayband Bay and Asaluyeh region (Northern Persian Gulf). J Aquatic Ecology. 2013;2(3):68-57.	##18. Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals Ni and Cd Concentrations in the Tissues of Skeletal Coral family, Poritidae and Surrounding Sediments in the South of Qeshm Island, The Persian Gulf. J Aquatic Animals and Fisheries. 2015:5;20:14-25.	##19. Vaezi A, Karbassi A, Fakhraee M, Valikhani Samani A, Heidari M, Assessment of Sources and Concentration of Metal Contaminants in Marine Sediments of Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf. J Environmental Studies. 2014:40;345-360.	##20. Rahmanpour S, Ghorghani NF, Lotfi Ashtiyani SM. Heavy metal in water and aquatic organisms from different intertidal ecosystems, Persian Gulf. Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2014; 186(9):5401-9. doi:10.1007/s10661-014-3788-4	##21. Moazeni M, Hayeripour S, Mohamadi M, Foladi H. Study of some heavy metals consentation (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni) in surface sediments of the Naiband national park, Persian Gulf, Iran. Wetland Ecobiology. 2013; 5(1):23-32	##22. Janadeleh H, Jahangiri S. Risk assessment and heavy metal contamination in fish (Otolithes ruber) and sediments in Persian Gulf. J Community Health Research. 2016;5(3):169-81.	##23. Gholam Dokht Bandari M, Rezaie P. Study of Some Heavy Metal Pollutions in the Hormuz Islands Coastal Sediments and Their Origin. Journal of Oceanography. 2015;6(22): 97-106	##24. Darvishnia Z, Riahi Bakhtiari A, Kamrani E, Sadjjadi M M. Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals (Pb, Fe &#38; Zn) in the Tissues of Skeletal Coral family, Faviidae and Surrounding Sediments in the South of Qeshm Island-The Persian Gulf . J Aqu Eco. 2015; 5 (1):87-77	##25. Jafarabadi AR, Bakhtiyari AR, Toosi AS, Jadot C. Spatial distribution, ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in marine surface sediments and coastal seawaters of fringing coral reefs of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Chemosphere. 2017; 185:1090-111. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.110	##26. Yazdan Panah D, Safahieh A, Salari Aliabadi A, Kamal G. Comparison of Heavy Metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd) Concentration in the Intertidal Sediments of the Kharg Island during Summer and Winter. Journal of Oceanography. 2017;8(30):1-9 doi:10.29252/joc.8.30.1	##27. Agah H, Astani S, Fatemi S. Mercury and methyl mercury pollution in sediments of Hormozgan province. J Marine Biology. 2017;9(1):11	##28. Nourozifard P, Mortazavi S, Asad S, Hassanzadeh N. Evaluation of contamination of Qeshm island coastal sediments with Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr using sediment quality indices. Iranian J Health and Environment. 2018;11(3):433-48.	##29.Rostamipaydar G. Moradpour H. Environmental evaluation on heavy metals in coastal sediments of the Bandar-e- Imam and Deylam, North Persian Gulf, Iran. J Environmental Geology. 2018; 12(44): 1-18.	##30. Bibak M, Sattari M, Agharokh A, Tahmasebi S, Imanpour Namin J. Assessing some heavy metals pollutions in sediments of the northern Persian Gulf. Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal.2018;5(3):175-179.##doi:10.15171/EHEM.2018.24	##31. Seifi M, Mahvi AH, Hashemi SY, Arfaeinia H, Pasalari H, Zarei A, et al. Spatial distribution, enrichment and geo-accumulation of heavy metals in surface sediments near urban and industrial areas in the Persian Gulf. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2019:6;158:130-9. doi:10.5004/dwt.2019.24238	##32. Rezaei M, Mehdinia A, Saleh A, Modabberi S, Mansouri Daneshvar MR. Environmental assessment of heavy metal concentration and pollution in the Persian Gulf. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment. 2021:7(2):983-1003.##doi:10.1007/s40808-020-00913-8	##33. Rezaei M, Kafaei R, Mahmoodi M, Sanati AM, Vakilabadi DR, Arfaeinia H, et al. Heavy metals concentration in mangrove tissues and associated sediments and seawater from the north coast of Persian Gulf, Iran: Ecological and health risk assessment. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring &#38; Management. 2021:1;15:100456.##doi:10.1016/j.enmm.2021.100456	##34. Vaziri B, HakimiAbed M, Nabavi S, Shariat Feizabadi F. Bioaculation, Lead, Wanadium, Feather, Ordinary Coke, Havaer-e-Azim Wetland. Journal of Oceanography. 2021; 12 (45) :99-112.	##35. Milani J. Golkar KH, Flahat P. The effect of cooking on the heavy metal residues in some fish species of Caspian Sea. J Food Researches. 2021: 31 (4); 187-200.	##36. Amini RG, Sotoudebnia F. Investigation of heavy metals accumulation in muscle tissue of Mugil auratus in relation to standard length, weight, age and sex. Iranian Scientific Fisheries J. 2005; 14 (3):1-18.##37. Astani M, Mashinchian Moradi A, Ghavam Mostafavi P. Assessment of heavy metal in the sediments of Bandar Abbas. J Environmental Geology. 2021; 15(55): 13-26.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>تاثیر مصرف مکمل‌های غذایی در ارتقای عملکرد جسمانی نیروهای نظامی: مطالعه مروری روایتی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The Effect of Nutritional Supplements in Improving the Physical Performance of Military Forces: Narrative Review</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>نظامیان به دلیل زندگی فعال و پر تنش خود، نیازمند تغذیه&#8204;ای ویژه هستند. مکمل&#8204;های غذایی با هدف تکمیل رژیم غذایی، شامل ویتامین&#8204;ها، مواد معدنی، گیاهان دارویی، اسیدهای آمینه، آنزیم&#8204;ها، و درشت مغذی&#8204;ها می&#8204;شوند. تخلیه ذخایر گلیکوژن عضله و کبد منجر به کاهش تمرکز، خستگی و کاهش عملکرد فیزیکی و ذهنی فرد می گردد. فعالیت جسمانی متوسط تا شدید، یک تا سه ساعت در روز، به 6 تا 10 گرم کربوهیدرات به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن احتیاج دارد. نشان داده شده که مصرف چربی از جمله دوز بالای لینولئیک اسید کونژوگه (CLA) و امگا 3 در تولید تستوسترون موثر است، موضوعی که با توجه به اثرات آنابولیک تستوسترون می&#8204;تواند برای افراد فعال مانند نیروهای نظامی جایگاه مهمی داشته باشد. در افراد با فعالیت جسمانی شدید، به دریافت 4/1 تا 2 گرم پروتئین به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن توصیه می&#8204;شود، که این مقدار بالاتر از افراد عادی است. همچنین اسیدآمینه&#8204;های شاخه&#8204;دار (BCAA) در رقابت با تریپتوفان در عبور از سد خونی-مغزی باعث به تاخیر افتادن احساس خستگی می&#8204;شود. مقادیر بیش از حد آنتی&#8204;اکسیدان&#8204;ها به صورت مکمل در افراد با فعالیت فیزیکی بالا، تطابق با فعالیت جسمانی را مختل کرده و توصیه نمی&#8204;&#8204;شوند. ویتامین دی، آهن و روی از جمله موادی هستند که در بسیاری از عملکردهای طبیعی بدن دخیل بوده، و به دلیل شرایط ویژه نیروهای نظامی احتمال کمبود این مواد غذایی در این افراد وجود دارد. این کمبود می&#8204;تواند عمکرد فیزیکی و جسمانی و حتی سلامتی فرد را به خطر اندازد. از این رو باید به دریافت کافی آنها در رژیم غذایی دقت ویژه&#8204;ای شود. کافئین، نیترات و کراتین از جمله موادی هستند که در به تاخیر انداختن احساس خستگی موثر بوده و مورد توجه افراد با فعالیت فیزیکی بالا قرار گرفته&#8204;اند. این مواد غذایی می&#8204;توانند به افراد نظامی در حین عملیات کمک کرده و موجب افزایش کارایی آنها شوند. به طور کلی دریافت کافی مواد غذایی در افراد نظامی از اهمیت ویژه&#8204;ای برخوردار است. به دلیل شرایط ویژه حین عملیات نظامی، امکان دریافت وعده&#8204;های غذایی که بتواند تمامی مواد مغذی ضروری را تامین کنند وجود ندارد. از طرف دیگر به دلیل فعالیت&#8204;های فیزیکی بالا، میزان متابولیسم و همچنین هدررفت مواد مغذی در این افراد بیشتر از افراد عادی بوده که میزان نیاز را افزایش می&#8204;دهد. لذا برای اینکه نیروهای نظامی بتوانند حداکثر کارایی خود را داشته باشند و همچنین پیشگیری از مصدومیت و بیماری که می&#8204;تواند هزینه و تبعات زیادی برای یک کشور داشته باشد، استفاده از مکمل&#8204;های غذایی جهت بهبود وضعیت تغذیه این افراد می&#8204;تواند مورد توجه است.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Due to their active and stressful life, military personnel needs special nutrition. Nutritional supplements are meant to complement a healthy diet that includes vitamins, minerals, medicinal plants, amino acids, enzymes, and macronutrients. The depletion of muscle and liver glycogen reserves leads to a decrease in concentration, fatigue, and a decrease in physical and mental performance. Moderate to vigorous physical activity, one to three hours per day, requires 6 to 10 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of body weight. It has been shown that the consumption of fat, including a high dose of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and omega-3, is effective in testosterone production, an issue that can be important for active people such as military forces due to the anabolic effects of testosterone. In people with vigorous physical activity, it is recommended to receive 1.4 to 2 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, which is higher than in general people. Also, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) compete with tryptophan in crossing the blood-brain barrier, delaying the feeling of fatigue. Excessive amounts of antioxidants in the form of supplements in people with vigorous physical activity disrupt the adaptation to physical activity and are not recommended. Vitamin D, iron, and zinc are involved in many natural functions of the body, and due to the special conditions of the military forces, there is a possibility of a lack of these nutrients in these people. This deficiency can endanger a person&#39;s physical performance and even health. Therefore, special attention should be paid to their adequate intake in the diet. Caffeine, nitrate, and creatine are among the substances that are effective in delaying the feeling of fatigue and have attracted the attention of people with vigorous physical activity. These nutrients can help military personnel during operations and increase their efficiency. In general, getting enough nutrients is very important for military personnel. Due to the special conditions during military operations, it is not possible to receive meals that can provide all the necessary nutrients. On the other hand, due to vigorous physical activities, the rate of metabolism, as well as the loss of nutrients in these people, is more than in general people, which increases the amount of need. Therefore, in order for the military forces to be able to have their maximum efficiency and also to prevent injuries and diseases that can have great costs and consequences for a country, the use of nutritional supplements to improve the nutritional status of these people can be considered.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>206</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>214</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/19
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/4/28
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/24
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/7/2
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رحیم</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>زارعی</Family>
				<NameE>Rahim</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Zareie</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله،</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>rahim.zareie.ac@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>کریم</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>پرستویی</Family>
				<NameE>Karim</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Parastouei</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله،</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>parastouei@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حامد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>رحیمی</Family>
				<NameE>Hammed</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rahimi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>hamed.rahimi.ac@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>منصور</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>بابایی</Family>
				<NameE>Mansour</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Babaei</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>m_babaei5@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>رستمی</Family>
				<NameE>Hosein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rostami</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله،</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>hosein_rostami59@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>یوسف</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ابراهیم پور</Family>
				<NameE>Yousef</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ebrahimpoor</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله،</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>yosefabram14@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Nutritional Supplements</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Physical Performance</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Military Force.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>مکمل‌های غذایی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>عملکرد جسمانی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نیروی نظامی.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Hill N, Fallowfield J, Price S, Wilson D. Military nutrition: Maintaining health and rebuilding injured tissue. In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2011. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0213##2. Sotelo-Díaz I, Blanco-Lizarazo CM. A systematic review of the nutritional implications of military rations. Nutrition and Health. 2019; 25: 153-61. doi:10.1177/0260106018820980	##3. Havenetidis K. The use of creatine supplements in the military. Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps. 2016; 162:242-8. doi:10.1136/jramc-2014-000400	##4. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. Technical Report. 1994.	##5. Austin KG, McGraw SM, Lieberman HR. Multivitamin and protein supplement use is associated with positive mood states and health behaviors in US military and coast guard personnel. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014; 34(5): 595-601. doi:10.1097/JCP.0000000000000193	##6. Lieberman HR, Stavinoha TB, McGraw SM, White A, Hadden LS, Marriott BP. Use of dietary supplements among active-duty US Army soldiers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(4):985-95.##doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29274	##7. Spriet LL. New Insights into the Interaction of Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism During Exercise. Sport Med. 2014;44(S1):87-96.##doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0154-1	##8. Getzin AR, Milner C, Harkins M. Fueling the Triathlete: Evidence-Based Practical Advice for Athletes of All Levels. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2017; 16(4):240-6. doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000386	##9. Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016;116(3):501-28. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006	##10. Jäger R, Kerksick CM, Campbell BI, Cribb PJ, Wells SD, Skwiat TM, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14(1):20.##doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0177-8	##11. Food and Nutrition Board. New dietary reference intakes set for energy, carbohydrates, fiber, fat, fatty adds, cholesterol, proteins, and amino acids. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. 2005.	##12. Kenney WL, Wilmore JH, Costil DL. Physiology of Sport and Exercise. Sixth Edition. Human Kinetics. 2011.	##13. Volek JS, Noakes T, Phinney SD. Rethinking fat as a fuel for endurance exercise. Eur J Sport Sci. 2015 doi:10.1080/17461391.2014.959564	##14. Phillips SM, Van Loon LJC. Dietary protein for athletes: From requirements to optimum adaptation. J Sports Sci. 2011;29(sup1):S29-38.##doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.619204	##15. Kerksick CM, Wilborn CD, Roberts MD, Smith-Ryan A, Kleiner SM, Jäger R, et al. ISSN exercise &#38; sports nutrition review update: Research &#38; recommendations. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2018.##doi:10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y	##16. Burd NA, West DWD, Moore DR, Atherton PJ, Staples AW, Prior T, et al. Enhanced amino acid sensitivity of myofibrillar protein synthesis persists for up to 24 h after resistance exercise in young men. J Nutr. 2011;141(4):568-73. doi:10.3945/jn.110.135038	##17. Kerksick CM, Arent S, Schoenfeld BJ, Stout JR, Campbell B, Wilborn CD, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: Nutrient timing. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2017. doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0189-4	##18. Noakes TD. Physiological models to understand exercise fatigue and the adaptations that predict or enhance athletic performance. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 2000;10:123-45. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0838.2000.010003123.x	##19. Gomez-Cabrera M-C, Martínez A, Santangelo G, Pallardó F V., Sastre J, Viña J. Oxidative stress in marathon runners: interest of antioxidant supplementation. Br J Nutr. 2006;96(S1):S31-3.##doi:10.1079/BJN20061696	##20. Nieman DC. Oral administration of vitamin C decreases muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and hampers training-induced adaptations in endurance performance. Yearb Sport Med. 2009; 161-3. doi:10.1016/S0162-0908(08)79360-7	##21. Salles J, Chanet A, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Pierre P, Jourdan M, et al. 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 enhances the stimulating effect of leucine and insulin on protein synthesis rate through Akt/PKB and mTOR mediated pathways in murine C2C12 skeletal myotubes. Mol Nutr Food Res . 2013;57 (12):2137-46. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201300074	##22. Close GL, Russell J, Cobley JN, Owens DJ, Wilson G, Gregson W, et al. Assessment of vitamin D concentration in non-supplemented professional athletes and healthy adults during the winter months in the UK: Implications for skeletal muscle function. J Sports Sci. 2013;31(4):344-53.##doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.733822	##23. Barker T, Schneider ED, Dixon BM, Henriksen VT, Weaver LK. Supplemental vitamin D enhances the recovery in peak isometric force shortly after intense exercise. Nutr Metab. 2013; 10(1):69. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-10-69	##24. Wyon MA, Koutedakis Y, Wolman R, Nevill AM, Allen N. The influence of winter vitamin D supplementation on muscle function and injury occurrence in elite ballet dancers: A controlled study. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;17(1):8-12.##doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.007	##25. Backx EMP, Tieland M, Maase K, Kies AK, Mensink M, Van Loon LJC, et al. The impact of 1-year Vitamin D supplementation on Vitamin D status in athletes: A dose-response study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016;70 (9): 1009-14. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.133	##26. McClung JP. Iron, Zinc, and Physical Performance. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2019;188(1): 135-9. doi:10.1007/s12011-018-1479-7	##27. Dallman P. Biochemical Basis for the Manifestations of Iron Deficiency. Annu Rev Nutr. 1986;6(1):13-40. doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.06.070186.000305	##28. McClung JP, Martini S, Murphy NE, Montain SJ, Margolis LM, Thrane I, et al. Effects of a 7-day military training exercise on inflammatory biomarkers, serum hepcidin, and iron status. Nutr J. 2013;12(1):141. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-141##29. Masaratana P, Laftah AH, Latunde-Dada GO, Vaulont S, Simpson RJ, McKie AT. Iron absorption in hepcidin1 knockout mice. Br J Nutr. 2011;105 (11):1583-91. doi:10.1017/S0007114510005507	##30. Prasad AS, Halsted JA, Nadimi M. Syndrome of iron deficiency anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, hypogonadism, dwarfism and geophagia. Am J Med. 1961;31(4):532-46. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(61)90137-1	##31. Lukaski HC. Magnesium, zinc, and chromium nutriture and physical activity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72 (2):585S-593S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/72.2.585S	##32. Lukaski HC. Low dietary zinc decreases erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase activities and impairs cardiorespiratory function in men during exercise. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(5):1045-51.##doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.5.1045	##33. Glaister M, Gissane C. Caffeine and physiological responses to submaximal exercise: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2018; 13: 402-11.##doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0312	##34. Guest NS, VanDusseldorp TA, Nelson MT, Grgic J, Schoenfeld BJ, Jenkins NDM, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2021. doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00383-4	##35. Mielgo-Ayuso J, Calleja-Gonzalez J, Del Coso J, Urdampilleta A, León-Guereño P, Fernández-Lázaro D. Caffeine Supplementation and Physical Performance, Muscle Damage and Perception of Fatigue in Soccer Players: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2019;11(2):440. doi:10.3390/nu11020440	##36. Nichols AW. Probiotics and athletic performance: A systematic review. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2007;6:269-73.##doi:10.1097/01.CSMR.0000306483.85035.b7	##37. Leite GSF, Resende Master Student AS, West NP, Lancha AH. Probiotics and sports: a new magic bullet? Nutrition. 2019;60:152-60.##doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.09.023	##38. Vitale K, Getzin A. Nutrition and supplement update for the endurance athlete: Review and recommendations. Nutrients. 2019;11(6):1-20.##doi:10.3390/nu11061289	##39. Senefeld JW, Wiggins CC, Regimbal RJ, Dominelli PB, Baker SE, Joyner MJ. Ergogenic Effect of Nitrate Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2020. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002363	##40. Domínguez R, Cuenca E, Maté-Muñoz JL, García-Fernández P, Serra-Paya N, Estevan MCL, et al. Effects of beetroot juice supplementation on cardiorespiratory endurance in athletes. A systematic review. Nutrients. 2017. doi:10.3390/nu9010043## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>بررسی فعالیت ضدمیکروبی باکتری‌های مرتبط با اسفنج دریاییHaliclona sp  جمع‌آوری‌شده از خلیج‌فارس</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Investigating the Antimicrobial Activity of Bacteria associated with the Marine sponge Haliclona sp. collected from the Persian Gulf</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: برای غلبه بر بحران مقاومت آنتی&#8204;بیوتیکی، توسعه آنتی&#8204;بیوتیک&#8204;های موثرتر و بدون عوارض جانبی یک نیاز فوری است. این در حالی&#8204; است که باکتری&#8204;های مرتبط با اسفنج&#8204;های دریایی با دارا بودن تنوع زیادی از متابولیت&#8204;های ثانویه، پتانسیل مناسبی برای کشف ترکیبات ضدمیکروبی جدید دارند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین فعالیت ضدمیکروبی باکتری&#8204;های مرتبط با اسفنج دریایی Haliclona sp جمع&#8204;آوری&#8204;شده از خلیج&#8204;فارس انجام شد.
روش&#8204;ها: در مطالعه حاضر، اثرات ضدمیکروبی باکتری&#8204;های مرتبط با اسفنج دریایی Haliclona sp. جمع آوری شده از جزایر لارک و کیش در خلیج فارس، علیه باکتری گرم مثبت Micrococcus luteus مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بعد از شناسایی و جداسازی نمونه&#8204;ها، خالص&#8204;سازی باکتری&#8204;های مرتبط با اسفنج انجام شد. جداسازی و خالص&#8204;سازی بر روی محیط&#8204;های کشت شاملStarch caseinnitrate agar ، Marine zobell agar، Glycerol asparagine agar، Marinesponge agar انجام گرفت. سپس به منظور غربالگری فعالیت&#8204;های زیستی باکتری&#8204;های خالص&#8204;سازی شده، از محیط کشت نوترینت براث استفاده گردید. در نهایت فعالیت ضدمیکروبی باکتری&#8204;های جداسازی شده با استفاده از روش انتشار از چاهک، در مقابل باکتری گرم مثبت Micrococcus luteus مورد سنجش قرار گرفت.
یافته&#8204;ها: بیشترین میزان باکتری مرتبط با اسفنج دریایی Haliclona sp. به ترتیب مربوط به محیط&#8204;های کشت MSA، SCNA، MZA و GAA با جداسازیCFUg-1 &#160;05/0&#177;88/5، 05/0&#177;87/4، 03/0&#177;20/4 و 23/0&#177;75/2 مربوط به اسفنج&#8204;های جمع آوری شده از جزیره لارک و جداسازی CFUg-1 07/0&#177;15/6، 05/0&#177;08/5، 07/0&#177;90/4 و 19/0&#177;19/4 مربوط به اسفنج&#8204;های جمع&#8204;آوری شده از جزیره کیش می&#8204;باشد. در نتیجه خالص&#8204;سازی نزدیک به 121 سویه باکتری تخلیص شد که 12 سویه باکتری خالص&#8204;سازی شده دارای فعالیت ضد باکتریایی بودند.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: یافته&#8204;های حاضر نشان داد که اسفنج دریایی Haliclona sp. دارای اثرات ضد باکتریایی قابل ملاحظه&#8204;ای است؛ در نتیجه این اسفنج دریایی کاندیدای مناسبی در مطالعات آینده برای جداسازی ترکیبات موثر ضد باکتری می&#8204;باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: To overcome the crisis of antibiotic resistance, the development of more effective antibiotics without side effects is an urgent need. Meanwhile, the bacteria associated with sea sponges have a good potential for discovering new antimicrobial compounds with a large variety of secondary metabolites. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the antimicrobial activity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Haliclona sp collected from the Persian Gulf.
Methods: In the present study, the antimicrobial effects of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Haliclona sp. collected from Lark and Kish islands in the Persian Gulf, were studied against Gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. After identifying and separating the samples, purification of sponge-related bacteria was done. Isolation and purification were done on culture media including Starch caseinnitrate agar, Marine zobell agar, Glycerol asparagine agar, Marinesponge agar. Then, in order to screen the biological activities of the purified bacteria, a nutrient broth culture medium was used. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the isolated bacteria was measured using the well diffusion method against the gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. 
Results: The highest amount of bacteria associated with the sponge Haliclona sp. related to MSA, SCNA, MZA, and GAA culture media with the isolation of CFUg-1, were 5.88&#177;0.05, 4.87&#177;0.05, 4.20&#177;0.03 and 2.75&#177;0.23 related to sponges collected from Lark Island and 6.15&#177;0.07, 5.08&#177;0.05, 4.90&#177;0.07 and 4.19&#177;0.19 related to the sponges collected from the Kish island, respectively. As a result of purification, nearly 121 bacterial strains were purified, of which 12 purified bacterial strains had antibacterial activity. 
Conclusion: The current findings demonstrated that the marine sponge Haliclona sp. has significant antibacterial effects; as a result, this marine sponge is a suitable candidate in future studies for the isolation of effective antibacterial compounds.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>215</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>222</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/18
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/4/27
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/6
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/6/15
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>نحله</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>نصیری</Family>
				<NameE>Nehleh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Nasiri</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>n.nasiri1389@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمدرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>طاهری زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Taherizadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه زیست شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>taheri.1965@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>گذری</Family>
				<NameE>Mohsen</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Gozari</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>موسسه تحقیقاتی شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>gozari2020@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Marine Sponge</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Antimicrobial</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Persian Gulf</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Haliclona sp.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>اسفنج دریایی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ضدمیکروبی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>خلیج فارس</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Haliclona sp.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Nursyam H. Antibacterial activity of metabolites products of Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from sponge Haliclona sp. against Staphylococcus aureus. Italian J Food Safety. 2017; 6(1). doi:10.4081/ijfs.2017.6237##2. Hoppers A, Stoudenmire J, Wu S, Lopanik N. Antibiotic activity and microbial community of the temperate sponge, Haliclona sp. Journal of applied microbiology. 2015;118(2): 419-30. doi:10.1111/jam.12709##3. Marques DN, De Almeida AS, de Oliveira Sousa AR, Pereira R, Andrade AL, Chaves RP, et al. Antibacterial activity of a new lectin isolated from the marine sponge Chondrilla caribensis. International J biological macromolecules. 2018; 109: 1292-301. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.140##4. Anteneh YS, Yang Q, Brown MH, Franco CM. Antimicrobial activities of marine sponge-associated bacteria. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(1):171. doi:10.3390/microorganisms9010171##5. Nithyanand P, Manju S, Karutha Pandian S. Phylogenetic characterization of culturable actinomycetes associated with the mucus of the coral Acropora digitifera from Gulf of Mannar. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2011;314(2):112-8. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02149.x##6. Webster NS, Taylor MW. Marine sponges and their microbial symbionts: love and other relationships. Environmental microbiology. 2012; 14 (2):335-46. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02460.x##7. Kuo J, Yang Y-T, Lu M-C, Wong T-Y, Sung P-J, Huang Y-S. Antimicrobial activity and diversity of bacteria associated with Taiwanese marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Annals of Microbiology. 2019; 69(3): 253-65. doi:10.1007/s13213-018-1414-3##8. Gogineni V, Hamann MT. Marine natural product peptides with therapeutic potential: Chemistry, biosynthesis, and pharmacology. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects. 2018; 1862(1): 81-196. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.08.014##9. Hentschel U, Usher KM, Taylor MW. Marine sponges as microbial fermenters. FEMS microbiology ecology. 2006; 55(2): 167-77. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2005.00046.x##10. Santos OC, Pontes PV, Santos JF, Muricy G, Giambiagi-deMarval M, Laport MS. Isolation, characterization and phylogeny of sponge-associated bacteria with antimicrobial activities from Brazil. Research in Microbiology. 2010; 161(7): 604-12. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2010.05.013##11. Thomas TRA, Kavlekar DP, LokaBharathi PA. Marine drugs from sponge-microbe association-A review. Marine drugs. 2010. doi:10.3390/md8041417##12. Wang G. Diversity and biotechnological potential of the sponge-associated microbial consortia. J Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2006; 33(7):545. doi:10.1007/s10295-006-0123-2##13. Nyan LK, Abas F, Ahmed M, Wei LS, Ismail IS, Shaari K. Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of South East Asia Marine Sponges: A Review. Pertanika J Science &#38; Technology. 2019.##14. Brinkmann CM, Marker A, Kurtböke DI. An overview on marine sponge-symbiotic bacteria as unexhausted sources for natural product discovery. Diversity. 2017; 9(4):40. doi:10.3390/d9040040##15. Hameş-Kocabaş EE, Ataç UZEL. Isolation strategies of marine-derived actinomycetes from sponge and sediment samples. J microbiological methods. 2012; 88(3): 342-349.doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2012.01.010##16. Van Soest R, Boury-Esnault N, Vacelet J, Dohrmann M, Erpenbeck D, De Voogd N, et al. Global diversity of sponges (Porifera). PLoS one. 2012; 7(4):e35105. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035105##17. Dat TTH, Cuc NTK, Cuong PV, Smidt H, Sipkema D. Diversity and antimicrobial activity of vietnamese sponge-associated bacteria. Marine drugs. 2021; 19(7):353. doi:10.3390/md19070353##18. Carroll AR, Copp BR, Davis RA, Keyzers RA, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Natural Product Reports. 2022. doi:10.1039/D1NP00076D##19. Helber SB, Hoeijmakers DJ, Muhando CA, Rohde S, Schupp PJ. Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar. PLoS One. 2018; 13 (6):413-421. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197617##20. Fuerst JA. Diversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms associated with marine sponges. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2014;98(17):31-44. doi:10.1007/s00253-014-5861-x##21. Newman DJ, Hill RT. New drugs from marine microbes: the tide is turning. J Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2006; 33(7): 539-44. doi:10.1007/s10295-006-0115-2##22. Karimpoor M, Kamrani E, Yousefzadi M, Nazemi M. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Haliclona caerulea Extracts from Tidal Island Larak, Persian Gulf. Modares J Biotechnology. 2018; 9(3): 347-53.##23. McCaffrey E, Endean R. Antimicrobial activity of tropical and subtropical sponges. Marine Biology. 1985; 89(1):1-8. doi:10.1007/BF00392871##24. Nazemi M, Salimi MA, Salimi PA, Motallebi A, Jahromi ST, Ahmadzadeh O. Antifungal and antibacterial activity of Haliclona sp. from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Journal de mycologie medicale. 2014; 24 (3):220-4 doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.03.005##25. Sepčić K, Kauferstein S, Mebs D, Turk T. Biological activities of aqueous and organic extracts from tropical marine sponges. Marine drugs. 2010; 8(5):1550-66. doi:10.3390/md8051550##26. Kennedy J, Baker P, Piper C, Cotter PD, Walsh M, Mooij MJ, et al. Isolation and analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the marine sponge Haliclona simulans collected from Irish waters. Marine biotechnology. 2009. doi:10.1007/s10126-008-9154-1##27. Ely R, Supriya T, Naik C. Antimicrobial activity of marine organisms collected off the coast of South East India. J experimental marine biology and ecology. 2004; 309(1):121-7. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2004.03.010##28. Tincu JA, Taylor SW. Antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2004; 48(10):3645-54. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.10.3645-3654.2004##29. Fahy E, Molinski TF, Harper MK, Sullivan BW, Faulkner DJ, Parkanyi L, et al. Haliclonadiamine, an antimicrobial alkaloid from the sponge Haliclona sp. Tetrahedron letters. 1988; 29(28):3427-8. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(88)85180-3##30. Taylor MW, Hill RT, Piel J, Thacker RW, Hentschel U. Soaking it up: the complex lives of marine sponges and their microbial associates. The ISME Journal. 2007; 1(3):187-90. doi:10.1038/ismej.2007.32##31. Richelle-Maurer E, Braekman J-C, Kluijver MJ, Gomez R, De Vyver G, Soest RW, et al. Cellular location of (2R, 3R, 7Z)-2-aminotetradec-7-ene-1, 3-diol, a potent antimicrobial metabolite produced by the Caribbean sponge Haliclona vansoesti. Cell and tissue research. 2001; 306(1):157-65. doi:10.1007/s004410100437##32. Erwin PM, Olson JB, Thacker RW. Phylogenetic diversity, host-specificity and community profiling of sponge-associated bacteria in the northern Gulf of Mexico. PloS one. 2011; 6(11):e26806. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026806##33. Sipkema D, Holmes B, Nichols SA, Blanch HW. Biological characterisation of Haliclona gellius) sp.: sponge and associated microorganisms. Microbial Ecology. 2009. doi:10.1007/s00248-009-9534-8## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>ارتباط استرس شغلی با کیفیت زندگی در پرستاران بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه در بیمارستان‌های منتخب نیروی دریایی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Relationship between Occupational Stress and Quality of Life in Intensive Care Unit Nurses in Selected Naval Hospitals</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: استرس&#8204; شغلی در بخش مراقبت&#8204;های ویژه بر سلامتی و کیفیت زندگی&#160;پرستاران تاثیر جدی دارد. توجه به&#160;کیفیت زندگی&#160;پرستاران و کاهش استرس شغلی می&#8204;تواند منجر به ارائه بهتر خدمات درمانی در بخش و بیمارستان گردد. لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین ارتباط استرس شغلی با کیفیت زندگی در پرستاران بخش مراقبت&#8204;های ویژه در بیمارستان&#8204;های منتخب نیروی دریایی انجام شد.
روش&#8204;ها: در مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی حاضر تعداد 76 پرستار در بخش مراقبت&#8204;های ویژه در بیمارستان&#8204;های منتخب نیروی دریایی در جنوب کشور در سال 1399 شرکت داشتند. نمونه&#8204;گیری به صورت سرشماری و در دسترس انجام شد. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه&#8204;های استاندارد کیفیت زندگی 26 سئوالی (WHOQOL-BREF) و استرس شغلی بود که توسط پرستاران تکمیل شد و سپس داده ها مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت.
یافته&#8204;ها: میانگین نمره استرس شغلی و کیفیت زندگی در پرستاران بخش مراقبت&#8204;های ویژه در بیمارستان&#8204;های منتخب نیروی دریایی به ترتیب 7/1&#177;42/9 و 19/1&#177;62/3 برآورد شد که هر دو در سطح متوسطی قرار دارد. استرس شغلی با کیفیت زندگی پرستاران ارتباط معکوس و معنی&#8204;دار دارد. استرس شغلی و کیفیت زندگی با هیچ کدام از متغیرهای دموگرافیک پرستاران ارتباط معنی&#8204;داری نداشتند.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: یافته&#8204;های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که بین کیفیت زندگی با استرس شغلی ارتباط معنی&#8204;دار و معکوس وجود دارد، بدین صورت که افزایش استرس شغلی پرستاران در بخش مراقبت&#8204;های ویژه بر کیفیت زندگی آنان تأثیر منفی می&#8204;گذارد و همین امر می&#8204;تواند بر کیفیت ارائه مراقبت&#8204;های بالینی در بخش، تاثیر سوء داشته باشد. لذا بهبود کیفیت زندگی و کاهش استرس شغلی می&#8204;بایست در دستور کار مسئولین بهداشت و درمان قرار گیرد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: Occupational stress in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has a serious impact on the health and quality of life of nurses. Paying attention to the quality of life of nurses and reducing occupational stress can lead to better provision of medical services in the ICU and hospital. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between occupational stress and quality of life in ICU nurses in selected naval hospitals.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 76 ICU nurses in selected naval hospitals in the south of Iran in 2019 participated. Sampling was done by census and available methods. The research tools included the 26-question quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and occupational stress questionnaires, which were completed by nurses, and then data were analyzed.
Results: The mean score of occupational stress and quality of life in ICU nurses in selected naval hospitals were estimated as 42.9&#177;1.7 and 62.3&#177;19.1 respectively, both of which are at a moderate level. Occupational stress has an inverse and significant relationship with quality of life in ICU nurses. Occupational stress and quality of life had no significant relationship with any of the ICU nurses&#39; demographic variables.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrated that there is a significant and inverse relationship between the quality of life and occupational stress in ICU nurses, so the increase in occupational stress of ICU nurses has a negative effect on their quality of life, and this can affect the quality of providing clinical care in hospital. Therefore, improving the quality of life and reducing occupational stress should be on the agenda of health officials.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>223</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>230</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/182022/07/3
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/4/12
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/62022/09/29
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/7/7
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مهران</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کوچک</Family>
				<NameE>Mehran</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Kouchek</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه، بیمارستان امام حسین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mehrankouchek@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>محمدی</Family>
				<NameE>Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Mohammadi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mohamdireza548@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>میرمحمد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>میری</Family>
				<NameE>Mirmohammad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Miri</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه، دانشکده پزشکی، بیمارستان امام حسین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>dr.mmmiri@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Occupational Stress</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Quality of Life</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Nurse</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Intensive Care Unit (ICU).</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>استرس شغلی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>کیفیت زندگی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>پرستار</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>بخش مراقبتهای ویژه.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Casado Á, Castellanos A, López-Fernández ME, Ruíz R, García Aroca C, Noriega F. Relationship between oxidative and occupational stress and aging in nurses of an intensive care unit. Age. 2008; 30(4):229-36. doi:10.1007/s11357-008-9052-5##2. Tajvar A, Saraji GN, Ghanbarnejad A, Omidi L, Hosseini SS, Abadi AS. Occupational stress and mental health among nurses in a medical intensive care unit of a general hospital in Bandar Abbas in 2013. Electronic physician. 2015;7(3):1108. doi:10.19082/1566##3. Hamaideh SH. Occupational stress, social support, and quality of life among Jordanian mental health nurses. Issues in mental health nursing. 2011;33(1):15-23. doi:10.3109/01612840.2011.605211	##4. Karimi Khordeh N, Dehvan F, Dalvand S, Repišti S, Ghanei Gheshlagh R. Investigation of Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale in Nurses. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(2): 89-94. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.331630.1028	##5. Nazari F, Mirzamohamadi M, Yousefi H. The effect of massage therapy on occupational stress of Intensive Care Unit nurses. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2015;20(4):508. doi:10.4103/1735-9066.161001	##6. Barr P. Compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction in neonatal intensive care unit nurses: Relationships with work stress and perceived social support. Traumatology. 2017;23(2):214. doi:10.1037/trm0000115	##7. Latifzadeh S. Occupational stress and its related factors in nurses working in intensive care units of educational hospitals in Ahwaz, Iran. 2015.	##8. Azizpour Y, Shohani M, Sayehmiri K, Kikhavani S. A survey on the associated factors of stress among operating room personnel. Thrita. 2013; 2(3):19-23. doi:10.5812/thrita.9505	##9. Mohammadi M, Raoofi Kalachayeh SS. The correlation between job stress and quality of life of nurses in intensive care units of Zanjan Medical Sciences Hospitals. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2017;6(1):36-43. doi:10.21859/jhpm-06036	##10. Rajabipoor Meybodi A, Mohammadi M, Arjmandi H. A Qualitative Approach to Ethical Challenges of Iranian Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(3): 156-162. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.336675.1035	##11. Sarafis P, Rousaki E, Tsounis A, Malliarou M, Lahana L, Bamidis P, Niakas D, Papastavrou E. The impact of occupational stress on nurses' caring behaviors and their health related quality of life. BMC nursing. 2016;15(1):1-9. doi:10.1186/s12912-016-0178-y	##12. Silva AM, Guimarães LA. Occupational stress and quality of life in nursing. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto). 2016;26:63-70. doi:10.1590/1982-43272663201608	##13. Hassanvandi S, Mohammadi M, Shahyad S. Predicting the Severity of COVID-19 Anxiety Based on Sleep Quality and Mental Health in Health Care Workers. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(4): 184-191. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.344007.1048	##14. Chegini Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Kakemam E. Occupational stress, quality of working life and turnover intention amongst nurses. Nursing in critical care. 2019;24(5):283-9. doi:10.1111/nicc.12419	##15. Faraji A, Karimi M, Azizi SM, Janatolmakan M, Khatony A. Occupational stress and its related demographic factors among Iranian CCU nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC research notes. 2019; 12(1):1-5. doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4674-5	##16. Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouie Naieni K, Mohammad K, Majdzadeh S. The World Health Organization quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire: Translation and validation study of the Iranian version. Journal of school of public health and institute of public health research. 2006; 4(4):1-12	##17. Fallahee Khoshknab M, Karimloo M, Rahgoy A, Fattah Moghaddam L. Quality of life and factors related to it among psychiatric nurses in the university teaching hospitals in Tehran. Hakim Research Journal. 2007;9(4):24-30	##18. Mohammadi E, Bagheri M, Asgarizadeh G. The role of perceived social support and aspects of personality in the prediction of marital instability: the mediating role of occupational stress. International Journal of Psychology (IPA). 2018; 12 (1):162-85. doi:10.24200/ijpb.2018.58147	##19. Pekkarinen L, Sinervo T, Perälä ML, Elovainio M. Work stressors and the quality of life in long-term care units. The Gerontologist. 2004;44(5): 633-43. doi:10.1093/geront/44.5.633	##20. Lin TC, Lin HS, Cheng SF, Wu LM, Ou‐Yang MC. Work stress, occupational burnout and depression levels: a clinical study of paediatric intensive care unit nurses in Taiwan. Journal of clinical nursing. 2016;25(7-8):1120-30. doi:10.1111/jocn.13119##21. McGrath A, Reid N, Boore J. Occupational stress in nursing. International journal of nursing studies. 2003;40(5):555-65 doi:10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00058-0	##22. Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Moradi F, Rafii F, Haghani H. Relationship between job stress, sleep quality and fatigue in nurses. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2014; 27(89):40-9. doi:10.29252/ijn.27.89.40	##23. Flo E, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, et al. Shift work disorder in nurses-assessment, prevalence and related health problems. PloS one. 2012;7(4):e33981. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033981	##24. Izadi Onaji F, Adib Hajjbagheri M, Afazel M. Sleep quality and related factors in elderly hospitalized at Kashan hospitals in 2007 year. Feyz Scientific and Research journal. 2009;12(4):52-9##25. Peñacoba C, Catala P, Velasco L, Carmona‐Monge FJ, Garcia‐Hedrera FJ, Gil‐Almagro F. Stress and quality of life of intensive care nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Self‐efficacy and resilience as resources. Nursing in critical care. 2021; 26(6):493-500. doi:10.1111/nicc.12694	##26. Fadaei MH, Torkaman M, Heydari N, Kamali M, Ghodsbin F. Cognitive behavioral therapy for occupational stress among the intensive care unit nurses. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine. 2020;24(3):178. doi:10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_286_19## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>نقش ابعاد دانشی سازمان در تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر تسهیم دانش در یک بیمارستان نظامی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The Role of Organizational Knowledge Dimensions in the Effect of Social Capital on Knowledge Sharing in a Military Hospital</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: سرمایه اجتماعی از دارایی&#8204;های مهم هر سازمانی است که می&#8204;تواند در مدیریت دانش سهیم باشد و برای سازمان&#8204;ها مزیت رقابتی پایدار ایجاد نماید. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین رابطه سرمایه اجتماعی و تسهیم دانش به عنوان قلب مدیریت دانش در یک بیمارستان نظامی بود که ابعاد دانشی سازمان به عنوان عامل مؤثر سازمانی در فرایند مدیریت دانش به عنوان نقش میانجی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
روش&#8204;ها: این پژوهش کاربردی-پیمایشی است که در آن از روش مدل معادلات ساختاری برای تحلیل استفاده شد. جامعه آماری شامل مدیران و کارکنان بیمارستان نظامی منتخب در تهران در سال 1399 می&#8204;باشند. برای جمع آوری داده&#8204;ها، از پرسشنامه&#8204;های استاندارد ابعاد دانشی سازمان، تسهیم دانش و سرمایه اجتماعی استفاده گردید. 
یافته&#8204;ها: سرمایه اجتماعی بر تسهیم دانش تأثیر معنی&#8204;دار داشت (ضریب تأثیر 0/450). یافته&#8204;های پژوهش بر افزایش فرهنگ دانشی سازمان، رهبری دانش، تقویت منابع دانش، اهمیت دادن به درگاه&#8204;های دانش، توجه به ساختار مناسب دانشی، فرایندها جهت دسترسی آسان به دانش مورد تاکید قرار گرفتند.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: ابعاد دانشی سازمان در جهت افزایش تسهیم دانش نقش بسیار موثری دارد و علاوه بر تاثیری که به صورت مستقیم بر افزایش تسهیم دانش دارد، موجب می&#8204;شود تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر تسهیم دانش نیز افزایش یابند، بدین روی نیاز است به اهمیت ابعاد دانش در افزایش تسهیم دانش در مراکز نظامی توجه شود.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: Social capital is an important asset of any organization that can contribute to knowledge management and creates a sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between social capital and knowledge sharing as the heart of knowledge management in a military hospital, and the organizational knowledge dimensions were investigated as an effective organizational factor in the knowledge management process as a mediating role.
Methods: This is applied survey research that structural equation modelling is used for analysis. The statistical population includes managers and employees of the selected military hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2019. To collect data, standard questionnaires were used for organizational knowledge dimensions, knowledge sharing, and social capital.
Results: Social capital had a significant effect on knowledge sharing (effect coefficient 0.450). The findings of the research emphasized increasing the organization&#39;s knowledge culture, knowledge leadership, strengthening knowledge resources, giving importance to knowledge portals, and paying attention to the appropriate knowledge structure, and processes for easy access to knowledge.
Conclusion: The organizational knowledge dimensions play a very effective role in increasing knowledge sharing, and in addition to its direct effect on increasing knowledge sharing, it also increases the effect of social capital on knowledge sharing, so the importance of knowledge dimensions in increasing sharing knowledge in military centers should be considered.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

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		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/182022/07/32021/12/4
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1400/9/13
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/62022/09/292022/08/29
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/6/7
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>علی اکبر اصفهانی</Family>
				<NameE>Ali</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Aliakbar Esfahani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات طب دریا، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله(عج)، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>aliesfahani60@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>عرفان</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>موحدی فر</Family>
				<NameE>Erfan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Movahedifar</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization></Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>erfan.movahedi@ut.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>امیر</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>جعفری</Family>
				<NameE>Amir</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Jafari</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله(عج)، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>jafariamir889@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Organizational Knowledge</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Knowledge Sharing</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Social Capital</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Military Hospital.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>دانش سازمانی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تسهیم دانش</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>سرمایه اجتماعی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>بیمارستان نظامی.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Chow WS, Chan LS. Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing. Information &#38; management. 2008;45 (7):458-65. doi:10.1016/j.im.2008.06.007##2. Rhodes J, Lok P, Hung RY, Fang SC. An integrative model of organizational learning and social capital on effective knowledge transfer and perceived organizational performance. Journal of workplace learning. 2008. doi:10.1108/13665620810871105	##3. Sangi R, Sheikhshoei S. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Personnel's Knowledge in Diagnosing Patients with Cerebral Stroke and Necessary Measures during Transfer to Hospital. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(1): 44-49. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.140809	##4. Halawi LA, Aronson JE, McCarthy RV. Resource-based view of knowledge management for competitive advantage. The electronic journal of knowledge management. 2005;3(2):75.	##5. Alavi M, Leidner DE. Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues. MIS quarterly. 2001:107-36. doi:10.2307/3250961	##6. McDermott R, O'dell C. Overcoming cultural barriers to sharing knowledge. Journal of knowledge management. 2001. doi:10.1108/13673270110384428 ##7. Kohtamäki M, Kekäle T, Viitala R. Trust and innovation: from spin‐off idea to stock exchange. Creativity and Innovation Management. 2004; 13 (2):75-88. doi:10.1111/j.0963-1690.2004.00296.x	##8. Wang S, Noe RA. Knowledge sharing: A review and directions for future research. Human resource management review. 2010;20(2):115-31. doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.10.001##9. Pemsel S, Wiewiora A. Project management office a knowledge broker in project-based organisations. International journal of project management. 2013;31(1):31-42. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.03.004##10. Leseure MJ, Brookes NJ. Knowledge management benchmarks for project management. Journal of knowledge management. 2004. doi:10.1108/13673270410523943##11. Golboni F, Mahmoodi H, Baghi V, Ghanei Gheshlagh R, Valiee S, Dalvand P, et al. Prevalence of Depression among Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(2): 70-80. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.327342.1014	##12. Allameh SM. Antecedents and consequences of intellectual capital: The role of social capital, knowledge sharing and innovation. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 2018.##doi:10.1108/JIC-05-2017-0068	##13. Hamidizadeh A, Movahedifar E. Investigating the Impact of Social Capital Components on Organizational Innovation (Case Study: General Telecommunication Office of Qom City). Social Capital Management. 2014;1(2):203-23.	##14. Ali Moloud E, Pargal M, Qadir Rashid A, Osmani H, Dalvand P, Mehrnezhadi S, Baghi V. The Relationship between COVID-19 Fear and Anxiety with the Quality of Life of Students in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022; 1(4): 173-177. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.340234.1044##15. Huysman M, Wulf V. IT to support knowledge sharing in communities, towards a social capital analysis. Journal of information technology. 2006; 21 (1):40-51. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000053	##16. Yang J, Alejandro TG, Boles JS. The role of social capital and knowledge transfer in selling center performance. Journal of Business &#38; Industrial Marketing. 2011. doi:10.1108/08858621111115877	##17. Bharati P, Zhang W, Chaudhury A. Better knowledge with social media? Exploring the roles of social capital and organizational knowledge management. Journal of Knowledge Management. 2015. doi:10.1108/JKM-11-2014-0467	##18. Aslam MH, Shahzad K, Syed AR, Ramish A. Social capital and knowledge sharing as determinants of academic performance. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management. 20131; 15 (1):25-41. doi:10.21818/001c.17935	##19. Wah CY, Menkhoff T, Loh B, Evers HD. Social capital and knowledge sharing in knowledge-based organizations: An empirical study. International Journal of Knowledge Management (IJKM). 2007;3(1):29-48. doi:10.4018/jkm.2007010103	##20. Yen YF, Tseng JF, Wang HK. The effect of internal social capital on knowledge sharing. Knowledge Management Research &#38; Practice. 2015; 13(2):214-24. doi:10.1057/kmrp.2013.43	##21. Ganguly A, Talukdar A, Chatterjee D. Evaluating the role of social capital, tacit knowledge sharing, knowledge quality and reciprocity in determining innovation capability of an organization. Journal of knowledge management. 2019. doi:10.1108/JKM-03-2018-0190	##22. Diriye A. The role of social capital in knowledge sharing in higher education institutes. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management. 2019;17(2):pp158-170.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>بررسی پتانسیل ریزجلبک اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس در تولید آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های ضروری</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Investigating the Potential of Spirulina platensis Microalgae in the Production of Essential Antioxidants</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: ریزجلبک اﺳﭙﻴﺮوﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﭘﻼﺗﻨﺴﻴﺲ حاوی آﻧﺘﻲ&#8204;اﻛﺴﻴﺪان&#8204;های ﻗﻮی اﺳﺖ و ﺧﻮاص ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ آن در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ رﻧﮕﺪاﻧﻪﻫﺎی آﻧﺘﻲ&#8204;اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ، ﻛﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪﻫﺎ، ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ، رﻧﮕﺪاﻧﻪ آﺑﻲ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻓﻴﻜﻮﺳﻴﺎﻧﻴﻦ آن می &#173;باشد. در این مطالعه میزان فیکوسیانین، بتاکاروتن، کلروفیل a و b در ریزجلبک اﺳﭙﻴﺮوﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﭘﻼﺗﻨﺴﻴﺲ مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.
روش&#8204;ها: در این مطالعه تجربی، سویه اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس در محیط مایع زاروک کشت داده شد. سپس ریزجلبک&#8204;ها خشک شده و آسیاب گردید. مقدار بتاکاروتن در طول موج ۴۵۱ نانومتر و میزان کلروفیل در طول موج ۶۶۵ نانومتر قرائت گردید. اندازه &#173;گیری میزان فیکوسیانین در اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس پس از قرائت در طول موج&#173;های ۲۸۰ و ۶۲۰ نانومتر محاسبه شد.
یافته&#8204;ها: در ریزجلبک اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس، مقدار کلروفیل a برابرmg/g &#160;0/8 و مقدار کلروفیل b برابر mg/g 0/2 ثبت شد. مقدار فیکوسیانین محاسبه شده برابرmg/g &#160;0/9 بود. میزان بتاکاروتن موجود در اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس برابر g/100g 7/9 اندازه&#8204;گیری شد. ترکیبات آنتی&#8204;اکسیدانی شامل پروپیل گالات &#62; 2/5 میلی&#8204;گرم بر کیلوگرم، بوتیل هیدروکینون &#62; 52/2 میلی&#8204;گرم بر کیلوگرم، بوتیلات هیدروکسی آنیزول &#62; 2/5 میلی&#8204;گرم بر کیلوگرم، هیدروکسی تولوئن بوتیلات 208 میلی&#8204;گرم بر کیلوگرم و مقدار کل آنتی&#8204;اکسیدان&#8204;ها &#62; 215/5 میلی&#8204;گرم بر کیلوگرم ثبت شد.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: طبق یافته&#8204;های مطالعه حاضر، ریزجلبک اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس ظرفیت آنتی&#8204;اکسیدانی بالایی دارد و می&#8204;تواند از نظر تغذیه مفید باشد، که البته نیاز به مطالعات بیشتر دارد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: Spirulina platensis microalgae contain strong antioxidants and its health properties are related to antioxidant pigments, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and blue pigment unique to its phycocyanin. In this research, the amount of phycocyanin, beta-carotene, chlorophyll a and b were evaluated in Spirulina platensis microalgae.
Methods: In this experimental study, Spirulina platensis strain was cultured in Zarrouk liquid medium. Then the microalgae were dried and ground. The amount of beta-carotene at the wavelength of 451 nm and the amount of chlorophyll at the wavelength of 665 nm were read. The amount of phycocyanin in Spirulina platensis was calculated after reading at wavelengths 280 and 620 nm.
Results: In Spirulina platensis microalgae, the amount of chlorophyll a was 0.8 mg/g and chlorophyll b was 0.2 mg/g. The amount of phycocyanin was 0.9 mg/g. The amount of beta-carotene was 7.9 g/100g. Antioxidant compounds include propyl gallate &#62; 2.5 mg/kg, butylhydroquinone &#62; 2.5 mg/kg, butylated hydroxyanisole &#62; 2.5 mg/kg, butylated hydroxytoluene 208 mg/kg and the total amount of antioxidants &#62; 215.5 mg/kg was recorded.
Conclusion: According to the current findings, Spirulina platensis microalgae has a high antioxidant capacity and can be useful in terms of nutrition, which of course needs more studies.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>240</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>246</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/182022/07/32021/12/42022/08/24
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/6/2
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/62022/09/292022/08/292022/09/20
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/6/29
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>روستائی</Family>
				<NameE>Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Roustaei</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>r.roustaie@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علی محمد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>لطیفی</Family>
				<NameE>Ali Mohammad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Latifi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>Amlatifi290@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>سید رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حسینی دوست</Family>
				<NameE>Seyed Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hosseini Doust</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فن‌آوری‌های نوین، واحد علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>rhdoust@iautmu.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>ستاره</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حقیقت</Family>
				<NameE>Setareh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Haghighat</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>setareh_haghighat@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Spirulina platensis</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Microalgae</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Chlorophyll</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Phycocyanin.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ریزجلبک</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>کلروفیل</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>فیکوسیانین.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Choopani A, Poorsoltan M, Fazilati M, Latifi AM, Salavati H. Spirulina: a source of gamma-linoleic acid and its applications. Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports. 2016;3(4):483-8.##2. Asghari A, Fazilati M, Latifi AM, Salavati H, Choopani A. A review on antioxidant properties of Spirulina. Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports. 2016;3(1):345-51.	##3. Soltani N, Latifi AM, Alnajar N, Dezfulian M, Shokarvi S, Heydari M, et al. Biochemical and physiological characterization of tree microalgae spp. as candidates for food supplement. Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports. 2016;3(1):377-81.	##4. Matos J, Cardoso C, Bandarra NM, Afonso C. Microalgae as healthy ingredients for functional food: a review. Food &#38; function. 2017;8(8):2672-85. doi:10.1039/C7FO00409E	##5. Choopani A, Fazilati M, Latifi AM, Salavati H, Khodabakhshi MR, Fadaie M. An Efficient Method for Extraction and Enrichment of γ-Linolenic Acid (GLA) from Spirulina. 2021.	##6. Matos ÂP. The impact of microalgae in food science and technology. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 2017;94(11):1333-50.##doi:10.1007/s11746-017-3050-7	##7. Salary SR, Enteshari S, Hokmabadi H, Tajabadipour A. Physiological evaluation of pistachio frost damage resistant rootstocks. 2011.	##8. Matufi F, Choopani A. Spirulina, food of past, present and future. Health Biotechnology and Biopharma. 2020;3(4):1-20.	##9. Sathasivam R, Radhakrishnan R, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF. Microalgae metabolites: A rich source for food and medicine. Saudi journal of biological sciences. 2019;26(4):709-22.##doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.11.003	##10. Nunes M, Raymundo A, Sousa I. Rheological behaviour and microstructure of pea protein/κ-carrageenan/starch gels with different setting conditions. Food Hydrocolloids. 2006;20(1):106-13. doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2005.03.011	##11. Jespersen L, Strømdahl LD, Olsen K, Skibsted LH. Heat and light stability of three natural blue colorants for use in confectionery and beverages. European Food Research and Technology. 2005; 220(3-4):261-6. doi:10.1007/s00217-004-1062-7##12. Choonawala BB. Spirulina production in brine effluent from cooling towers. 2007.	##13. Saranraj P, Sivasakthi S. Spirulina platensis-food for future: a review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. 2014; 4 (1):26-33.	##14. De Oliveira M, Monteiro M, Robbs P, Leite S. Growth and chemical composition of Spirulina maxima and Spirulina platensis biomass at different temperatures. Aquaculture international. 1999;7(4):261-75. doi:10.1023/A:1009233230706##15. Leganés F, Sánchez-Maeso E, Fernández-Valiente E. Effect of indoleacetic acid on growth and dinitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Plant and cell physiology. 1987;28(3):529-33.	##16. Marker A. The use of acetone and methanol in the estimation of chlorophyll in the presence of phaeophytin. Freshwater Biology. 1972;2(4):361-85. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1972.tb00377.x	##17. Boussiba S, Richmond AE. Isolation and characterization of phycocyanins from the blue-green alga Spirulina platensis. Archives of Microbiology. 1979;120(2):155-9. doi:10.1007/BF00409102 ##18. Estrada JP, Bescós PB, Del Fresno AV. Antioxidant activity of different fractions of Spirulina platensis protean extract. Il farmaco. 2001;56(5-7):497-500. doi:10.1016/S0014-827X(01)01084-9	##19. Cohen Z. The chemicals of Spirulina. Spirulina Platensis Arthrospira: CRC Press; 1997. p. 193-222. doi:10.1201/9781482272970-18	##20. Singh S, Saini G. Environmental Management of Petha Industry in Agra City. Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology Print ISSN. 2014:2349-8404.	##21. Klaunig JE. Oxidative stress and cancer. Current pharmaceutical design. 2018;24(40): 4771 -8. doi:10.2174/1381612825666190215121712##22. Liguori I, Russo G, Curcio F, Bulli G, Aran L, Della-Morte D, et al. Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases. Clinical interventions in aging. 2018; 13:757. doi:10.2147/CIA.S158513	##23. Forman HJ, Zhang H. Targeting oxidative stress in disease: Promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2021;20(9):689-709.##doi:10.1038/s41573-021-00233-1	##24. Felter SP, Zhang X, Thompson C. Butylated hydroxyanisole: Carcinogenic food additive to be avoided or harmless antioxidant important to protect food supply? Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2021;121:104887.##doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104887	##25. Alavi N, Golmakani M, Aminlari M, Keramat M, Shekarforoush S, Nowroozi M. Improvement of the Oxidative Stability of Virgin Olive Oil Using Spirulina as a Natural Antioxidant. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences &#38; Food Technology. 2015;10(4):63-74.	##26. Karkos P, Leong S, Karkos C, Sivaji N, Assimakopoulos D. Spirulina in clinical practice: evidence-based human applications. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine. 2010. doi:10.1093/ecam/nen058## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>آگاهی و نگرش دانشجویان در رابطه با بیوتروریسم در یک دانشگاه علوم پزشکی نظامی در شهر تهران</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Knowledge and Attitude of Students regarding Bioterrorism in a University of Military Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: بیوتروریسم یک موضوع بهداشتی و اجتماعی مهم در سطح جهان است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین آگاهی و نگرش دانشجویان یک دانشگاه علوم پزشکی نظامی در رابطه با بیوتروریسم انجام شد.
روش&#8204;ها: مطالعه حاضر از نوع مقطعی-توصیفی بود که در سال 1400 انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل همه دانشجویان شاغل به تحصیل در یک دانشگاه علوم پزشکی نظامی در شهر تهران بود. حجم نمونه 300 نفر محاسبه شد و اطلاعات دموگرافیک ثبت گردید. ابزار جمع&#8204;آوری داده&#8204;ها پرسشنامه استاندارد آگاهی و نگرش دانشجویان در رابطه با بیوتروریسم بود. 
یافته&#8204;ها: میانگین و انحراف معیار نمره آگاهی و نگرش دانشجویان در رابطه با بیوتروریسم به ترتیب 11/2&#177;15/8 و 35/2&#177;35/12 بود. نمره آگاهی و نگرش به ترتیب در 63 و 72 درصد افراد، ضعیف گزارش شد. میانگین نمره در حیطه رفع آلودگی و نگهداری از مصدومین بیوتروریسم 56/3 و در حیطه عوامل ایجادکننده بیوتروریسم 25/1 بدست آمد. مهمترین منابع کسب اطلاعات دانشجویان در مورد بیوتروریسم، رادیو و تلویزیون و در مرحله بعد روزنامه و مجلات بود. 
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: آگاهی پایین دانشجویان در زمینه بیوتروریسم می&#8204;تواند باعث افزایش مخاطرات مرتبط با حملات بیوتروریستی شود. بنابراین برنامه&#8204;ها و کارگاه&#8204;های آموزشی یا قرار دادن واحدهای درسی مرتبط با حیطه&#8204;های مختلف بیوتروریسم برای دانشجویانی می&#8204;تواند در ارتقا سطح آگاهی و نگرش دانشجویان موثر باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: Bioterrorism is an important health and social issue in the world. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the knowledge and attitude of students regarding bioterrorism in a military medical science university.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021. The study population included all students studying at a university of military medical sciences in Tehran, Iran. A sample size of 300 students was calculated and demographic data were recorded. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of students&#39; knowledge and attitude regarding bioterrorism.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of students&#39; knowledge and attitude scores regarding bioterrorism were 8.15&#177;2.11 and 12.35&#177;2.35, respectively. Low knowledge and attitude were reported in 63 and 72 percent of students, respectively. The mean score in the domain of decontamination and maintenance of bioterrorism victims was 3.56 and in the domain of factors causing bioterrorism was 1.25. The most important sources of students&#39; information about bioterrorism were radio and television, followed by newspapers and magazines.
Conclusion: Low knowledge in students about bioterrorism can increase the probability of risks related to bioterrorist attacks. Therefore, educational programs and workshops about bioterrorism for students can be effective in increasing the level of students&#39; knowledge and attitude.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>247</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>253</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/182022/07/32021/12/42022/08/242022/05/12
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/2/22
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/62022/09/292022/08/292022/09/202022/09/24
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/7/2
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>آمنه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>مرزبان</Family>
				<NameE>Ameneh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Marzban</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>amenemarzban@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مصطفی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>مدرس زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Mostafa</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Modareszadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>modareszae2015@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>دولتی</Family>
				<NameE>Mohsen</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Dowlati</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه سلامت در بلایا و فوریتها، دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>dowlati2020@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Knowledge</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Attitude</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Bioterrorism</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Student</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Military.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آگاهی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نگرش</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>بیوتروریسم</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>دانشجو</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نظامی.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Aghamohammadi M, Barzegar M, Molavi V. The effect of bioterrorism education through holding a workshop and offering a manual on the knowledge of nursing students. 2017.##2. Zicker F. Science and Global Health. Novelty in Clinical Medicine. 2022;1(3):119-120. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2022.337000.1038##3. Hamzehpour S, Khajehnasiri N. Effect of education on knowledge and attitude regarding bioterrorism. Iranian Journal of emergency medicine. 2014;2(2):76-81.##4. Beheshtifar M, Pishgooie SAH, Sharififar ST, Khoshvaghti A. Evaluation of the Effect of Gaming Based Education Themed Escape Room on Preparedness of Aja Undergraduate Nursing Students in Dealing with Bioterrorism. Military Caring Sciences Journal. 2021;8(3):218-29.##5. Moshtagh-eshgh Z, Hosseini MJ, Aghaei N, Alavi Majd H. The effect of education on prevention and treatment of bioterrorism accidents on the knowledge and attitude of nurses of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Military medicine. 2010;9(4):295-310.##6. Hamzeh pour S, Khajehnasiri N. Effect of Education on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Bioterrorism. Iranian Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2017;2(2):76-81.##7. Beheshtifar M, Pishgooie SAH, Sharififar ST, Khoshvaghti A. Evaluation of the Effect of Gaming Based Education Themed Escape Room on Preparedness of Aja Undergraduate Nursing Students in Dealing with Bioterrorism. Military Caring Sciences. 2021;8(3):218-29.##8. Hamzeh pour S. Surveying Knowledge and Performance of Basij Medical Community Members of West Azerbaijan in Response to the Biological Events in 2016-2017: A Short Report. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2019;17(10):975-84.##9. Rebmann T, Mohr LB. Bioterrorism knowledge and educational participation of nurses in Missouri. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing. 2010;41(2):67-76. doi:10.3928/00220124-20100126-04##10. Rose MA, Larrimore KL. Knowledge and awareness concerning chemical and biological terrorism: continuing education implications. SLACK Incorporated Thorofare, NJ; 2002. p. 253-8. doi:10.3928/0022-0124-20021101-05##11. Robison JL. Army nurses' knowledge base for determining triage categories in a mass casualty. Military medicine. 2012;167(10):812-6. doi:10.1093/milmed/167.10.812##12. Abdollahi-Karizno M, Pursalehi F, Mirzaei M, Salmany F, Zare-Bidaki M. Evaluation of knowledge and preparedness of medical, dentistry, nursing and laboratory science technology students against a potential bioterrorism attack in Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 2017. Journal of Surgery and Trauma. 2018;6(3):101-7.##13. Sridevi V, Simha BV, Naidu SSNG, Chowdary KH, Yaragani A. Awareness on Bioterrorism among qualified dentists in a teaching dental institution in southern India. Journal of Dr NTR University of Health Sciences. 2020;9(1):32. doi:10.4103/JDRNTRUHS.JDRNTRUHS_112_19##14. Salarvand S, Bahri N, Toulabi T. Educational needs of general practitioness about brucellosis (Khorramabad-Iran). Yafte. 2015;17(1).##15. Herold J, Peavy J. Bioterrorism: A Survey Assessing the Level of Awareness among Alachua County's Physicians. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2002.##16. DiMaggio C, Markenson D, T. Loo G, Redlener I. The willingness of US emergency medical technicians to respond to terrorist incidents. Biosecurity and bioterrorism: biodefense strategy, practice, and science. 2005;3(4):331-7. doi:10.1089/bsp.2005.3.331##17. Stevens G, Jones A, Smith G, Nelson J, Agho K, Taylor M, et al. Determinants of paramedic response readiness for CBRNE threats. Biosecurity and bioterrorism: biodefense strategy, practice, and science. 2010;8(2):193-202.##doi:10.1089/bsp.2009.0061##18. Hashempoor M, Tahmasbi S. The Effect of Educational Intervention on Health Rescue and Treatment Employees' Knowledge, Attitude, and Preparedness of Isfahan Police Force about Bioterrorism. Military Caring Sciences Journal. 2021;8(1):33-44.##19. Nyamathi AM, Casillas A, King ML, Gresham L, Pierce E, Farb D, et al. Computerized bioterrorism education and training for nurses on bioterrorism attack agents. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing. 2010;41(8):375-84. doi:10.3928/00220124-20100503-01##20. Brown D. The role of the media in bioterrorism. Beyond Anthrax: Springer; 2009. p. 295-313. doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-326-4_15##21. Sjöberg E, Barker GC, Landgren J, Griberg I, Skiby JE, Tubbin A, et al. Social media and its dual use in biopreparedness: communication and visualization tools in an animal bioterrorism incident. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science. 2013; 11(S1):S264-S75. doi:10.1089/bsp.2013.0014## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>تاثیر پروبیوتیک لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (Lactobacillus plantarum) بر شاخص‌های رشد و پارامترهای خون در بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio)</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum probiotics on growth indices and blood parameters in juvenile Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>زمینه و هدف: پروبیوتیک لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم یکی از پروبیوتیک&#8204;هایی است که در تغذیه آبزیان مورد استفاده قرار می&#8204;گیرد. هدف مطالعه حاضر، تعیین اثر پروبیوتیک لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (Lactobacillus plantarum) بر عملکرد رشد و پارامترهای خون در بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) بود.
روش&#8204;ها: در این مطالعه تعداد 180 قطعه بچه ماهی کپور معمولی با میانگین وزنی 0/16&#177;15/32 به طور تصادفی به 2 تیمار آزمایشی شامل جیره تجاری (تیمار شاهد) و جیره حاوی CFU/g 107 پروبیوتیک L. plantarum (تیمار آزمایش) با 3 تکرار (30 قطعه در هر تکرار) تخصیص یافتند. مدت انجام مطالعه و تیمارها 60 روز بود.
یافته&#8204;ها: وزن نهایی، افزایش وزن، نرخ رشد ویژه، شاخص وضعیت و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمار حاوی پروبیوتیک لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم افزایش معنی&#8204;داری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشت (05/0&#62;P). همچنین افزودن پروبیوتیک لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم به جیره غذایی بچه ماهی کپور معمولی باعث افزایش تعداد گلبول&#8204;های سفید در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد (05/0&#62;P)؛ در حالی که اثر معنی&#173;داری بر سایر شاخص&#173;های خونی نداشت (05/0&#60;P). 
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: یافته های حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از پروبیوتیک L. plantarum موجب بهبود عملکرد رشد (وزن نهایی، افزایش وزن، نرخ رشد ویژه، شاخص وضعیت و ضریب تبدیل غذایی) و همچنین افزایش تعداد گلبول&#8204;های سفید در بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) می&#8204;گردد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Background and Aim: Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic is one of the probiotics used in aquatic nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L. plantarum probiotic on the growth indices and blood parameters in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Methods: In this study, 180 juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with a mean weight of 15.32&#177;0.16 g were randomly assigned to two experimental treatments with three replicates (30 pieces per repetition) including a commercial diet (control treatment) and a diet containing L. plantarum probiotics at 107 CFU/g (experimental treatment). The duration of the study and treatments was 60 days.
Results: The final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, status index, and feed conversion ratio in the treatment containing L. plantarum had a significant increase compared to the control group (P &#60;0.05). Also, the addition of L. plantarum probiotic to juvenile common carp diet increased the number of white blood cells compared to the control group (P&#60;0.05); while it had no significant effect on other blood parameters.
Conclusion: The present findings showed that the use of L. plantarum probiotic improved growth indices (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, condition index, and food conversion ratio) and also increased the number of white blood cells in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio).</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>254</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>260</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2022/05/162022/07/192022/07/182022/07/32021/12/42022/08/242022/05/122022/09/2
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1401/6/11
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2022/09/242022/09/242022/09/62022/09/292022/08/292022/09/202022/09/242022/09/29
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1401/7/7
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>امیراقبال</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>خواجه رحیمی</Family>
				<NameE>Amireghbal</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Khajehrahimi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دپارتمان تکنولوژی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>Amireghbal.khajehrahimi@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Common Carp</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Cyprinus carpio</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Lactobacillus plantarum</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Growth Indices</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Blood Parameters.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>کپور معمولی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>شاخص‌های رشد</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>پارامترهای خون.</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. FAO. The state of world fisheries and aquacultures. SOFIA, Rome, Italy. 2002.##2. Ghosh S, Sinha A, Sahu C. Dietary probiotic supplementation in growth and health of live-bearing ornamental fishes. Aquaculture Nutrition. 2008; 14: 289-299. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00529.x##3. Romn L, Real F, Sorroza L, Grasso V. The in vitro effect of probiotic Vagococcus fluvialis on the innate immune parameters of Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax. Fish and Shellfish Immunology. 2012; 33: 1071-1075. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.028##4. Khan SH, Ansari FA. Probiotics the friendly bacteria with market potential in global market. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2007; 20: 71-76.##5. Flint JF, Garner MR. Feeding beneficial bacteria: a natural solution for increasing efficiency anddecreasing pathogens in animal agriculture. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 2009; 18: 367-378. doi:10.3382/japr.2008-00133##6. Rahmati H.R, Tukmechi A, Meshkini S, Ebrahimi H. The increase of resistance of Rainbow trout against Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri infection using Lactobacillus isolated from the intestine of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Veterinary of Iran. 2:2011; 26-35.##7. Yang S.D, Lin T.S, Liu F, Liou H. Influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, metabolic response and body composition of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Aquaculture. 2007; 230: 405-413.##8. Feldman BF, Zinkl J, Jian N. Schalms veterinary hematology, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins publication, Philadelphia, USA. 2000; 1750 p.##9. Vulevic J, Rastall R.A, Gibson G.R. Developing a quantitation approach for determining the in vitro prebiotic potential of dietary oligosaccharids. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2004; 236: 153-159. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09641.x##10. Rasdhari M, Parekh T, Dave N, Patel V. Evaluation of various physic-chemical properties of (Hibiscus safdariff) and (Lactobacillus casei) incorporated probiotic yogurt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2008; 11: 2101-2108. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2008.2101.2108##11. Anastasiadou S, Papagianni M, Koidis P. Pediocin SA-1, an antimicrobial peptide from Pediococcus acidilatici NRRL B5627: production conditions, purification and characterization. Bioresource Technology. 2008; 99: 5384-5390. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.015##12. Ring E, Strom E. Microflora of arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Gastrointestinal microflora of free-living fish and effect diet and salinity on intestinal microflora. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management. 1994; 25: 623-629. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.1994.tb00726.x##13. Rodriguez U, Satoh S, Haga Y, Sweetman J. Effects of single and combined supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis, Mannan oligosaccharide and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture sciences. 2009; 57: 609-617.##14. Ramos M, Weber B, Santos G, Rema P. Dietary probiotic supplementation modulated gut microbiota and improved growth of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 2013; 166: 302-307. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.06.025##15. Yanbo W, Zirong X. Effect of probiotics for Common car (Cyprinus carpio) based on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2006; 127: 283-292. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.09.003##16. Zokaeifar H, Saad C, Sijam K, Arshad A. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, digestive enzyme, immune gene expression and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2012; 33: 683-689. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.05.027##17. Merrifield D.L, Dimitroglou A, Foey A, Ringo E. The current status and future focus of probiotic and prebiotic applications for salmonids. Aquaculture. 2010; 20: 1-18. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.02.007##18. Akrami R, Ghelichi A, Ebrahimi A. The effects of inulin as prebiotic on growth, survival and intestinal microflora of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In: proceeding of first national conference on fisheries sciences, Lahidjan, Iran. 2015; 11: 20-29.##19. Hoseinifar S.H, Mirvaghefi A, Merrifield D.L, Yelghi S. The study of some haematological and serum biochemical parameters of juvenile beluga (Huso huso) fed oligofructose. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 2011; 37: 91-96. doi:10.1007/s10695-010-9420-9##20. Grama L, Ringo E. Prospects of fish probiotics. Biology of Growing Animals. 2005; 2: 379-417. doi:10.1016/S1877-1823(09)70050-5	##21. Firouzbakhsh F, Noori F, Khalesi M.K, Jani K. Effects of a probiotic, protexin, on the growth performance and hematology parameters in the Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) fingerlings. Journal of Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 2011; 37: 833-842. doi:10.1007/s10695-011-9481-4## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>

</ARTICLES>

</JOURNAL>
</XML>
